Question 1

The primacy effect refers to the fact that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the most important items in a list are remembered better than the less important items. 
B)  items presented early in a list are remembered better than items in the middle of the list. 
C)  items presented late in a list are remembered better than items presented earlier. 
D)  items in a list which have the greatest emotional impact are those with the greatest likelihood of recall.

Question 2

During a conversation,Jerry told his friend that their favorite rock band was going to perform in their city.However,he could not remember the medium through which he got the information about the show.Jerry was experiencing:

Accepted Answer

A)  anterograde amnesia. 
B)  retrograde amnesia. 
C)  dissociative amnesia. 
D)  source amnesia.

Question 3

As you work on a complex multiplication problem in your head,the numbers you are manipulating are in your _____ memory,and the multiplication tables you are drawing from are in _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  working;long-term 
B)  working;sensory 
C)  long-term;working 
D)  sensory;working

Question 4

On your computer desktop,you can see all sorts of different files.Each file is immediately accessible because you are actively working on them,and you can open them whenever you want.These files are in fact very similar to the kind of information held in:

Accepted Answer

A)  long-term memory. 
B)  working memory. 
C)  sensory memory. 
D)  procedural memory.

Question 5

Which theory of forgetting is correctly matched with its description?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decay-Information is lost over time as a result of nonuse. 
B)  Interference-Forgetting occurs when there are too few "triggers" to recall the information. 
C)  Cue-dependent-Forgetting occurs because other information in memory disrupts the retrieval of the information we are trying to remember. 
D)  Retroactive interference-Information learned earlier disrupts the recall of newer material.

Question 6

Owen has trouble remembering a friend's new phone number;he keeps recalling the old number instead.Completing a rental application,Pippa finds she can't recall one of her previous addresses as she's had several addresses since.Owen is experiencing _____ interference;Pippa is experiencing _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  retrograde;anterograde interference 
B)  proactive;retroactive interference 
C)  proactive;proactive interference,as well 
D)  retroactive;proactive interference

Question 7

While a computer's hard drive may be likened to the memory process of storage,its keyboard is analogous to the process of .

Accepted Answer

The answer of While a computer's hard drive may be...

Question 8

Trey is studying German vocabulary for an upcoming test.He forms an image corresponding to an English word that sounds
similar to the German word he is trying to learn.Trey is using the technique.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Trey is studying German vocabulary for an...

Question 9

Why is it so difficult to retrieve information from long-term memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  The capacity of long-term memory is limited. 
B)  The duration of long-term memories is limited. 
C)  There is so much information being stored in long-term memory. 
D)  The material that makes its way to long-term memory is temporary.

Question 10

According to the levels-of-processing theory,which of the following students should retrieve information more successfully on classroom tests?

Accepted Answer

A)  Grant,who attempts to memorize his notes 
B)  Irene,who pays close attention to what is taught in class 
C)  Noel,who reads the content in his text loudly 
D)  Giselle,who underlines the important content in the text

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE of the levels-of-processing theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  At deep levels of processing,information is processed in terms of its physical and sensory aspects. 
B)  At shallow levels of processing,information is analyzed in terms of its meaning. 
C)  When the initial level of processing of specific information is shallow,the information will be retained for longer. 
D)  At an intermediate level of processing,information is translated into meaningful units.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the results of Ebbinghaus's work on forgetting?

Accepted Answer

A)  You'll remember what you learn pretty well for a day or two,but then you'll begin rapidly forgetting the material. 
B)  Beginning immediately,you'll slowly forget what you've learned at a relatively constant rate. 
C)  You'll forget most of it right away,and you'll keep on forgetting more of it,though at a slower rate. 
D)  I forget.

Question 13

The process by which we encode,store,and retrieve information is known as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  perception 
B)  memory 
C)  rehearsal 
D)  cognition

Question 14

Almost everybody has had the feeling of knowing the answer to a question,but not being quite able to say it.This is called the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon and is a failure of:

Accepted Answer

A)  retention. 
B)  storage. 
C)  retrieval. 
D)  trace consolidation.

Question 15

Three-year-old Jane had learned the names of fruits from a picture book.She was taken to a grocery store and asked to identify apples and melons kept in the store.Which of the following memory tasks would be used by Jane to identify the fruits?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rehearsal 
B)  Recognition 
C)  Consolidation 
D)  Recall

Question 16

In _____ amnesia,memory is lost for events preceding an injury or accident;in _____ amnesia,memory is lost for events following an injury or accident.

Accepted Answer

A)  retrograde;anterograde 
B)  anterograde;retrograde 
C)  retroactive;proactive 
D)  proactive;retroactive

Question 17

Mickey is about to take his psychology finals.Just before the exam,the person sitting next to him asks him the name of the physiologist who worked on classical conditioning.Mickey suddenly realizes that he cannot quite remember the name,but he knows that it starts with a P and is two syllables long.Mickey is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

A)  repression. 
B)  simple decay. 
C)  retrograde amnesia. 
D)  the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.

Question 18

The recency effect refers to the fact that:

Accepted Answer

A)  items presented late in a list are remembered better than items presented in the middle of a list. 
B)  the first several items on a list are remembered better than the items in the middle of the list. 
C)  rehearsed items are more likely to be remembered than unrehearsed items. 
D)  the most personally relevant items on a list are most likely to be remembered.

Question 19

Tommy is repeating a series of digits in the order in which he heard an experimenter read them.The experimenter is testing the capacity of Tommy's _____ memory.Tommy should be able to repeat about _____ digits correctly.

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term;four 
B)  short-term;seven 
C)  sensory;four 
D)  sensory;seven

Question 20

Memories of which we are not consciously aware of are called _____ memories.

Accepted Answer

A)  internal 
B)  subliminal 
C)  subconscious 
D)  implicit

Exam 6: Memory