Question 1

Which of the following represents a solution?

Accepted Answer

A)   anesthesia gas
B)   carbonated water
C)   stainless steel
D)   ocean water
E)   all of these E

Question 2

A coolant consisting of a 50/50 mixture by volume of ethylene glycol and water utilizes the

Accepted Answer

A)   colligative properties of solutions
B)   freezing point elevation constant of water
C)   boiling point elevation constant of water
D)   boiling point depression constant of water
E)   a and c E

Question 3

Calculate the concentration in ppm of Cd in a 2.00 mL sample which has been shown to contain 16.4 mg Cd. Assume the sample has a density of 1.00 g/mL.

Accepted Answer

A)   8.20 × 10-3
B)   8.20
C)   32.8
D)   8.20 × 103
E)   3.28 × 104 B

Question 4

Which of the following refers to a specific value of concentration at a given temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)   saturated
B)   unsaturated
C)   supersaturated
D)   concentrated
E)   immiscible

Question 5

The process of forming a solution occurs in three parts: separating solvent molecules, separating solute particles, and forming new solute-solvent associations. These three processes are, respectively,

Accepted Answer

A)   endothermic, endothermic, and endothermic.
B)   endothermic, endothermic, and exothermic.
C)   endothermic, exothermic, and endothermic.
D)   exothermic, exothermic, and endothermic.
E)   exothermic, exothermic, and exothermic.

Question 6

Ethyl alcohol and water dissolve in each other in all proportions. Therefore,

Accepted Answer

A)   ethyl alcohol is miscible with water
B)   ethyl alcohol is immiscible with water
C)   water is miscible with ethyl alcohol
D)   water is immiscible with ethyl alcohol
E)   both a and c are correct

Question 7

At a particular temperature, as the pressure increases the solubility of a gas in water will

Accepted Answer

A)   always decrease
B)   always increase
C)   remain the same
D)   be inversely proportional to the pressure
E)   be directly proportional to the temperature

Question 8

Salts containing only doubly or triply charged ions are often insoluble in water. This could be because

Accepted Answer

A)   the ions are highly charged, and a large number of water molecules is organized around them, so DS is negative.
B)   the ions are highly charged, hence the lattice energy is very large, and DH therefore tends to be negative.
C)   the ions are very large, hence the lattice energy is very large, and DH is positive.
D)   both a and b.
E)   both a and c.

Question 9

Explain what is meant by
a. osmosis.
b. osmotic pressure.
c. reverse osmosis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain what is meant by
a. osmosis.
b. osmotic...

Question 10

What is the vapor pressure of a 45.0 % solution of glucose, C6H12O6, at 90.0$\circ$C, given that the vapor pressure of pure water at that temperature is 526 mm Hg?

Accepted Answer

A)   486 mm Hg
B)   289 mmHg
C)   237 mm Hg
D)   78.2 mm Hg
E)   39.8 mm Hg

Question 11

The solubility of a gas in a liquid is ____ the pressure of the gas; this is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   proportional to; Henry's Law
B)   inversely proportional to; Henry's Law
C)   proportional to; Raoult's Law
D)   inversely proportional to; Raoult's Law
E)   proportional to the square of; Raoult's Law

Question 12

The overall enthalpy change during the process of forming a solution involves three terms: separating solvent molecules (DH$\circ$solvent), separating solute particles (DH$\circ$solute), and forming new solute-solvent associations (DH$\circ$solution). The overall process of forming a solution is endothermic if

Accepted Answer

A)   |DH ∘\circ∘ solute + DH ∘\circ∘ solvent| > |DH ∘\circ∘ solution|.
B)   |DH ∘\circ∘ solute + DH ∘\circ∘ solvent| = |DH ∘\circ∘ solution|.
C)   |DH ∘\circ∘ solute + DH ∘\circ∘ solvent|  ∘\circ∘ solution|.
D)   DH ∘\circ∘ solute + DH ∘\circ∘ solvent = 0.
E)   DH ∘\circ∘ solution = 0.

Question 13

In order to calculate the molality of a solution from its molarity, what other information would be needed?

Accepted Answer

A)   molar mass of solute and molar mass of solvent
B)   molar mass of solute and density of solvent
C)   molar mass of solute and density of solution
D)   molar mass of solvent and density of solution
E)   molar mass of solvent and density of solute

Question 14

Several processes contribute to the dissolving of a solid salt such as NaCl(s) in water. A large exothermic contribution is supplied by the

Accepted Answer

A)   entropy.
B)   heat of mixing.
C)   hydration energy.
D)   lattice energy.
E)   solubilization.

Question 15

Two liquids which mix together in all proportions are said to be ____; they mix because ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   miscible; their intermolecular interactions are dissimilar
B)   miscible; their intermolecular interactions are similar
C)   miscible; their densities are dissimilar
D)   immiscible; their intermolecular interactions are similar
E)   immiscible; their intermolecular interactions are dissimilar

Question 16

In living systems, a solution with a higher solute concentration than the surrounding cells is said to be ____. This causes water to flow ____ the cells by osmosis.

Accepted Answer

A)   hypertonic; into
B)   hypertonic; out of
C)   catatonic; into
D)   hypotonic; into
E)   hypotonic; out of

Question 17

Determine the chloride ion concentration in a solution containing 50.0 g MgCl2 dissolved in 1500 mL of solution.

Accepted Answer

A)   0.350 M
B)   0.700 M
C)   1.40 M
D)   3.17 M
E)   6.34 M

Question 18

The driving force for osmosis is

Accepted Answer

A)   temperature.
B)   pressure.
C)   identity of the solute.
D)   enthalpy.
E)   entropy.

Question 19

If two liquids are miscible, they ____ because ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   mix together; their intermolecular interactions are similar
B)   do not mix together; their intermolecular interactions are similar
C)   do not mix together; their intermolecular interactions are dissimilar
D)   mix together; their intermolecular interactions are dissimilar
E)   do not mix together; their densities are dissimilar

Question 20

Thermal pollution affects fish and other marine wildlife by

Accepted Answer

A)   increasing the growth of marine plants.
B)   increasing the uptake of toxic metals.
C)   raising the body temperature of fish to a dangerous level.
D)   decreasing the solubility of oxygen in water.
E)   hindering the growth of marine plants.

Exam 14: The Chemistry of Solutes and Solutions

Which of the following represents a solution?

A coolant consisting of a 50/50 mixture by volume of ethylene glycol and water utilizes the

Calculate the concentration in ppm of Cd in a 2.00 mL sample which has been shown to contain 16.4 mg Cd. Assume the sample has a density of 1.00 g/mL.

Which of the following refers to a specific value of concentration at a given temperature?

The process of forming a solution occurs in three parts: separating solvent molecules, separating solute particles, and forming new solute-solvent associations. These three processes are, respectively,

Ethyl alcohol and water dissolve in each other in all proportions. Therefore,

At a particular temperature, as the pressure increases the solubility of a gas in water will

Salts containing only doubly or triply charged ions are often insoluble in water. This could be because

Explain what is meant by a. osmosis. b. osmotic pressure. c. reverse osmosis.

What is the vapor pressure of a 45.0 % solution of glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆, at 90.0^$\circ$C, given that the vapor pressure of pure water at that temperature is 526 mm Hg?

The solubility of a gas in a liquid is the pressure of the gas; this is .

In order to calculate the molality of a solution from its molarity, what other information would be needed?

Several processes contribute to the dissolving of a solid salt such as NaCl(s) in water. A large exothermic contribution is supplied by the

Two liquids which mix together in all proportions are said to be ; they mix because .

In living systems, a solution with a higher solute concentration than the surrounding cells is said to be . This causes water to flow the cells by osmosis.

Determine the chloride ion concentration in a solution containing 50.0 g MgCl₂ dissolved in 1500 mL of solution.

The driving force for osmosis is

If two liquids are miscible, they because .

Thermal pollution affects fish and other marine wildlife by

Exam 14: The Chemistry of Solutes and Solutions

Which of the following represents a solution?

A coolant consisting of a 50/50 mixture by volume of ethylene glycol and water utilizes the

Calculate the concentration in ppm of Cd in a 2.00 mL sample which has been shown to contain 16.4 mg Cd. Assume the sample has a density of 1.00 g/mL.

Which of the following refers to a specific value of concentration at a given temperature?

The process of forming a solution occurs in three parts: separating solvent molecules, separating solute particles, and forming new solute-solvent associations. These three processes are, respectively,

Ethyl alcohol and water dissolve in each other in all proportions. Therefore,

At a particular temperature, as the pressure increases the solubility of a gas in water will

Salts containing only doubly or triply charged ions are often insoluble in water. This could be because

Explain what is meant by a. osmosis. b. osmotic pressure. c. reverse osmosis.

What is the vapor pressure of a 45.0 % solution of glucose, C6H12O6, at 90.0 ∘\circ∘ C, given that the vapor pressure of pure water at that temperature is 526 mm Hg?

The solubility of a gas in a liquid is ____ the pressure of the gas; this is ____.

In order to calculate the molality of a solution from its molarity, what other information would be needed?

Several processes contribute to the dissolving of a solid salt such as NaCl(s) in water. A large exothermic contribution is supplied by the

Two liquids which mix together in all proportions are said to be ____; they mix because ____.

In living systems, a solution with a higher solute concentration than the surrounding cells is said to be ____. This causes water to flow ____ the cells by osmosis.

Determine the chloride ion concentration in a solution containing 50.0 g MgCl2 dissolved in 1500 mL of solution.

The driving force for osmosis is

If two liquids are miscible, they ____ because ____.

Thermal pollution affects fish and other marine wildlife by

What is the vapor pressure of a 45.0 % solution of glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆, at 90.0^$\circ$C, given that the vapor pressure of pure water at that temperature is 526 mm Hg?

The solubility of a gas in a liquid is the pressure of the gas; this is .

Two liquids which mix together in all proportions are said to be ; they mix because .

In living systems, a solution with a higher solute concentration than the surrounding cells is said to be . This causes water to flow the cells by osmosis.

Determine the chloride ion concentration in a solution containing 50.0 g MgCl₂ dissolved in 1500 mL of solution.

If two liquids are miscible, they because .