Question 1

Which of the following does not contribute to fresh­water contamination?

Accepted Answer

A)  fertilizer leaching 
B)  industrial pollution 
C)  diversity of marine life 
D)  human and animal waste

Question 2

Describe the positions taken by environmental pes­simists and optimists.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the positions taken by environmental pes­simists...

Question 3

Describe the two options for achieving sustainable development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the two options for achieving sustainable...

Question 4

Environmental pessimists focus on the problems of environmental scarcities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

What does the UN's Law of the Sea Treaty accomplish?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does the UN's Law of the...

Question 6

Surveys show that a majority of citizens

Accepted Answer

A)  favor tax hikes to promote environmental programs. 
B)  do not favor tax hikes to promote environmental programs. 
C)  are giving a substantial amount of money to NGOs to promote environmental programs. 
D)  are highly concerned with environmental development of the South.

Question 7

If LDCs were to develop their economies to the level of EDC,then the global emissions of CO2 would

Accepted Answer

A)  remain about the same because of cleaner technology. 
B)  increase moderately. 
C)  increase dramatically. 
D)  decrease moderately

Question 8

The replacement rate refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  rate of economic growth that will provide jobs for a growing population. 
B)  fertility rate at which a population is replaced without growth. 
C)  rate of new forest growth needed to offset the growth in carbon emissions. 
D)  rate of CFCs that the earth can process without damage to the ozone layer.

Question 9

One of the main voices of opposition to restraining population growth as outlined at the 1994 UN Conference on Population and Development (especially concerning abortion)was from

Accepted Answer

A)  LDCs. 
B)  CITs. 
C)  the United States. 
D)  the Roman Catholic Church.

Question 10

Earth Summit I (1992)and Earth Summit II (2002)featured prominent disagreements between

Accepted Answer

A)  capitalist countries and former communist countries. 
B)  nongovernmental organizations and nation-states. 
C)  landlocked and non-landlocked countries. 
D)  economically developed countries and less developed countries.

Question 11

The Kyoto Protocol requires EDCs to reduce GHG emissions by what percentage below 1990 levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  7% 
B)  10% 
C)  20% 
D)  22%

Question 12

Over the past 20 years the average marine catch in the oceans

Accepted Answer

A)  has increased to meet the needs of the growing human population. 
B)  decreased as humans have turned to other food sources such as buffalo and duck to meet their protein needs. 
C)  remained the same. 
D)  declined because of strict regulations set forth by IGOs to limit catches.

Question 13

The Earth Summits brought many countries into agreement concerning environmental protection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

When does ground pollution caused by solid waste become an international problem?

Accepted Answer

The answer of When does ground pollution caused by solid...

Question 15

One primary reason that environmental optimists are not concerned with natural resource depletion is they believe that

Accepted Answer

A)  natural resource depletion is a positive indicator that there is a higher standard of living throughout the world. 
B)  natural resource depletion is necessary for LDCs to develop economically. 
C)  technological innovation will allow the development of synthetic materials to replace natural resources. 
D)  natural resource depletion will decrease once alter­native forms of energy become readily available.

Question 16

List some of the ways to control population growth.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List some of the ways to control...

Question 17

Approximately what percentage of Earth's surface is covered by water?

Accepted Answer

A)  less than 20 percent 
B)  40 percent 
C)  60 percent 
D)  more than 70 percent

Question 18

The attempts to control the population problem is primarily headed up by what UN subsidiary organ?

Accepted Answer

A)  UNICEF 
B)  UNSC 
C)  UNGA 
D)  UNFPA

Question 19

The Three Gorges Dam and hydroelectric project illustrates the difficulty of sustainable development because China plans to

Accepted Answer

A)  temporarily lower the level of the Yangtze River, disrupting agricultural projects. 
B)  raise the level of the Yangtze River, flooding many homes and archeological sites. 
C)  save the energy for national defense projects. 
D)  dump pollutants into the Yangtze River to cut costs.

Question 20

Economic approaches to reducing the birthrate place great emphasis on

Accepted Answer

A)  offering financial incentives to couples to not have children. 
B)  making birth control devices more affordable. 
C)  improving the economic status of women. 
D)  slowing trends toward urbanization.

Exam 12: Preserving and Enhancing the Biosphere

Which of the following does not contribute to freshwater contamination?

Describe the positions taken by environmental pessimists and optimists.

Describe the two options for achieving sustainable development.

Environmental pessimists focus on the problems of environmental scarcities.

What does the UN's Law of the Sea Treaty accomplish?

Surveys show that a majority of citizens

If LDCs were to develop their economies to the level of EDC,then the global emissions of CO₂ would

The replacement rate refers to the

One of the main voices of opposition to restraining population growth as outlined at the 1994 UN Conference on Population and Development (especially concerning abortion) was from

Earth Summit I (1992) and Earth Summit II (2002) featured prominent disagreements between

The Kyoto Protocol requires EDCs to reduce GHG emissions by what percentage below 1990 levels?

Over the past 20 years the average marine catch in the oceans

The Earth Summits brought many countries into agreement concerning environmental protection.

When does ground pollution caused by solid waste become an international problem?

One primary reason that environmental optimists are not concerned with natural resource depletion is they believe that

List some of the ways to control population growth.

Approximately what percentage of Earth's surface is covered by water?

The attempts to control the population problem is primarily headed up by what UN subsidiary organ?

The Three Gorges Dam and hydroelectric project illustrates the difficulty of sustainable development because China plans to

Economic approaches to reducing the birthrate place great emphasis on

Exam 12: Preserving and Enhancing the Biosphere

Which of the following does not contribute to fresh­water contamination?

Describe the positions taken by environmental pes­simists and optimists.

Describe the two options for achieving sustainable development.

Environmental pessimists focus on the problems of environmental scarcities.

What does the UN's Law of the Sea Treaty accomplish?

Surveys show that a majority of citizens

If LDCs were to develop their economies to the level of EDC,then the global emissions of CO2 would

The replacement rate refers to the

One of the main voices of opposition to restraining population growth as outlined at the 1994 UN Conference on Population and Development (especially concerning abortion) was from

Earth Summit I (1992) and Earth Summit II (2002) featured prominent disagreements between

The Kyoto Protocol requires EDCs to reduce GHG emissions by what percentage below 1990 levels?

Over the past 20 years the average marine catch in the oceans

The Earth Summits brought many countries into agreement concerning environmental protection.

When does ground pollution caused by solid waste become an international problem?

One primary reason that environmental optimists are not concerned with natural resource depletion is they believe that

List some of the ways to control population growth.

Approximately what percentage of Earth's surface is covered by water?

The attempts to control the population problem is primarily headed up by what UN subsidiary organ?

The Three Gorges Dam and hydroelectric project illustrates the difficulty of sustainable development because China plans to

Economic approaches to reducing the birthrate place great emphasis on

Which of the following does not contribute to freshwater contamination?

Describe the positions taken by environmental pessimists and optimists.

If LDCs were to develop their economies to the level of EDC,then the global emissions of CO₂ would