Question 1

What is the least squares criterion?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the least squares criterion?...

Question 2

Regarding correlation and causation,if we observe a positive correlation between two variables,we cannot conclude that there is a ____________________ relationship between the two variables.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Regarding correlation and causation,if we observe a...

Question 3

If X helps to predict Y,then the _____ will be smaller than the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) standard deviation of Y;standard estimate of error 
B) standard error of estimate;sum of squares for Y 
C) standard estimate of error;standard deviation of X 
D) standard error of estimate;standard deviation of Y

Question 4

The correlation that has been found between the amount of violence watched on television and aggressive behavior in children proves that watching violent television programs causes aggressive behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

When two variables,X and Y,are correlated,three possible reasons for their correlation are that (1)X might cause Y, (2)Y might cause X,or (3)some additional variable(s)might cause both X and Y.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In the case of a(n)_____ relationship,the standard scores on X and Y will have different signs but will be identical in size.

Accepted Answer

A) perfect negative linear 
B) prefect positive linear 
C) imperfect negative nonlinear 
D) imperfect negative linear

Question 7

In a regression equation,the slope and intercept are defined so as to maximize the squared vertical distances that the data points,considered collectively,are from the regression line.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In a scatterplot,the X variable should be plotted on the _____,and the Y variable should be plotted on the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) ordinate;abscissa 
B) abscissa;ordinate 
C) y-intercept;slope 
D) function;abscissa

Question 9

The magnitude of the correlation when a limited portion of the range of a variable is considered will be _____ if the range had not been so restricted.

Accepted Answer

A) greater than 
B) less than 
C) either greater than,equal to,or less than

Question 10

When some third variable is responsible for the correlation between X and Y,the correlation is said to be:

Accepted Answer

A) spurious 
B) false 
C) nonlinear 
D) moderate

Question 11

The _____ represents an average error across individuals in predicting scores on Y from the regression equation.

Accepted Answer

A) standard deviation 
B) standard error of estimate 
C) standard estimate of error 
D) standard error of discrepancy

Question 12

Suppose you were interested in conducting a study examining how ratings of similarity between oneself and another person were related to how attracted one is to the other person.You conduct this study by giving participants a description of a person named "Sarah." Participants are asked to read the description and then rate on a scale from 1 to 10 how similar Sarah is to themselves.You also ask each participant to rate on a scale from 1 to 20 how likeable they think Sarah is. X = rating of similarity of target to oneself Y = rating of likability of the target ("Sarah") 62 people participate in your study,and you obtain the following data: = 6.00 SCP = 66 = 10.00 SS_X = 40 SS_Y = 136 Calculate the standard error of estimate for the above data.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose you were interested in conducting a...

Question 13

The standard error of estimate represents an average error across individuals in predicting scores on Y from the regression equation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

It is possible for two variables to be related to one another,but for no causal relationship to exist between them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A slope of _____ would be represented by a _____ line.

Accepted Answer

A) 1.0;nonlinear 
B) 0;horizontal 
C) -1.0;horizontal 
D) 1.0;horizontal

Question 16

Research in the behavioral sciences is often concerned with _____ relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) qualified 
B) unsystematic 
C) linear 
D) all of these

Question 17

When there is no linear relationship,the z scores on X will ______.

Accepted Answer

A) bear no relationship to the z scores on Y 
B) vary in sign but not size with the z scores on Y 
C) vary in size but not sign with the z scores on Y 
D) none of these

Question 18

For a perfect negative linear relationship,the z scores for the Y and X variables will tend to have _____.

Accepted Answer

A) the same sign 
B) all negative signs 
C) opposite signs 
D) an inconsistent pairing of signs

Question 19

What is a predicted value of Y?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a predicted value of Y?...

Question 20

In statistical computer output,when every variable of interest is correlated with every other variable,the output contains a correlation ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In statistical computer output,when every variable of...

Exam 5: Pearson Correlation and Regression: Descriptive Aspects

What is the least squares criterion?

Regarding correlation and causation,if we observe a positive correlation between two variables,we cannot conclude that there is a ____________________ relationship between the two variables.

If X helps to predict Y,then the _ will be smaller than the _.

The correlation that has been found between the amount of violence watched on television and aggressive behavior in children proves that watching violent television programs causes aggressive behavior.

When two variables,X and Y,are correlated,three possible reasons for their correlation are that (1)X might cause Y, (2)Y might cause X,or (3)some additional variable(s)might cause both X and Y.

In the case of a(n) _____ relationship,the standard scores on X and Y will have different signs but will be identical in size.

In a regression equation,the slope and intercept are defined so as to maximize the squared vertical distances that the data points,considered collectively,are from the regression line.

In a scatterplot,the X variable should be plotted on the _,and the Y variable should be plotted on the _.

The magnitude of the correlation when a limited portion of the range of a variable is considered will be _____ if the range had not been so restricted.

When some third variable is responsible for the correlation between X and Y,the correlation is said to be:

The _____ represents an average error across individuals in predicting scores on Y from the regression equation.

The standard error of estimate represents an average error across individuals in predicting scores on Y from the regression equation.

It is possible for two variables to be related to one another,but for no causal relationship to exist between them.

A slope of _ would be represented by a _ line.

Research in the behavioral sciences is often concerned with _____ relationships.

When there is no linear relationship,the z scores on X will ______.

For a perfect negative linear relationship,the z scores for the Y and X variables will tend to have _____.

What is a predicted value of Y?

In statistical computer output,when every variable of interest is correlated with every other variable,the output contains a correlation ____________________.