You Look at Three Letters

Multiple Choice

You look at three letters. Part of each letter has been covered by an ink smear. The first letter could be either P or R; the second could be either E or F; the third could be either B or D. You immediately "see" the letters RED. Which theory attempts to explain this observation?

A) Whorf hypothesis
B) connectionist model
C) gambler's fallacy
D) expected value