Question 1

Primary and secondary antibody response differ in all the following ways, except

Accepted Answer

A) IgG production predominates in secondary responses. 
B) the lag period between antigen stimulation and antibody response is shorter in the secondary response. 
C) the rate of antibody production is faster in primary responses than in secondary responses. 
D) primary responses are active whereas secondary responses are passive.

Question 2

The molecular fragment on an antigen molecule that a lymphocyte recognizes and responds to is called a/ an

Accepted Answer

A) epitope. 
B) hapten. 
C) antigen binding site. 
D) variable region.

Question 3

Lymphocytes

Accepted Answer

A) possess MHC antigens for recognizing self. 
B) have membrane receptors that recognize foreign antigens. 
C) gain tolerance to self by destruction of lymphocytes that could react against self. 
D) develop into clones of B and T-cells with extreme variations of specificity. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 4

Post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies includes shots of HRIG (human rabies immune globulin) and rabies vaccine.The HRIG provides ________________ whereas the vaccine promotes the development of _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) artificial passive immunity; natural active immunity 
B) artificial passive immunity; artificial active immunity 
C) natural passive immunity; artificial passive immunity 
D) artificial active immunity; artificial passive immunity 
E) artificial active immunity; natural active immunity

Question 5

Antigen presenting cells

Accepted Answer

A) include dendritic cells. 
B) include macrophages. 
C) engulf and modify antigen to be more immunogenic. 
D) hold and present processed antigen on their cell membrane surface. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 6

Gamma globulin can be given as immunotherapy to confer artificial passive immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Plasma cells

Accepted Answer

A) secrete antibodies. 
B) function in allergic reactions. 
C) directly destroy target cells. 
D) suppress immune reactions. 
E) activate B-cells and other T-cells.

Question 8

Which type of cell is severely depressed in AIDS patients?

Accepted Answer

A) cytotoxic T-cells 
B) helper T-cells 
C) B-cells 
D) plasma cells 
E) suppressor T-cells

Question 9

Discuss the various ways by which antibodies interact with antigen and facilitate antigen inhibition or destruction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the various ways by which antibodies...

Question 10

Which of the following is a distinct advantage of active immunity over passive immunity?

Accepted Answer

A) Active immunity is always natural whereas passive immunity is frequently artificial. 
B) Active immunity provides IgG whereas passive immunity provides IgM. 
C) Active immunity enables the development of immunologic memory, whereas no memory develops with passive immunity. 
D) Active immunity develops very quickly whereas passive immunity may take months to develop.

Question 11

The monomer subunit of immunoglobulin molecules has all the following, except

Accepted Answer

A) two identical heavy polypeptide chains. 
B) two identical light polypeptide chains. 
C) disulfide bonds between polypeptide chains. 
D) four antigen binding sites. 
E) a variable and constant region on each polypeptide chain.

Question 12

Which are the first to attack cancer cells and virus-infected cells?

Accepted Answer

A) helper T-cells 
B) suppressor T-cells 
C) cytotoxic T-cells 
D) delayed hypersensitivity T-cells 
E) natural killer (NK) cells

Question 13

Human B lymphocytes mature in an intestinal region called the bursa.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Herceptin is an example of a monoclonal antibody-based drug for

Accepted Answer

A) asthma. 
B) crohn's disease. 
C) breast cancer. 
D) respiratory syncytial virus. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 15

Cytotoxic T-cells

Accepted Answer

A) stimulate B-cell proliferation. 
B) lack specificity for a target cell. 
C) secrete granzymes and perforins that damage target cells. 
D) secrete interleukin-2 to stimulate B and T-cells. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 16

Edward Jenner's work involved

Accepted Answer

A) inoculation of dried pus from smallpox pustules into a person to stimulate immunity. 
B) development of passive immunotherapy. 
C) development of an immunization to protect people against cowpox. 
D) immunization using a related, less pathogenic organism to give protection against a more pathogenic one. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 17

The major histocompatability complex is

Accepted Answer

A) a group of blood vessels that protects the nervous system. 
B) a set of genes that code for MHC cell receptors. 
C) also known as the complement system. 
D) located in the thymus gland. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 18

Acellular vaccines and subunit vaccines

Accepted Answer

A) contain modified bacterial exotoxin molecules. 
B) are always genetically engineered. 
C) contain select antigenic components of a pathogen rather than whole cells or viruses. 
D) confer passive immunity. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 19

Discuss, in detail, all the genetic and cellular events encompassed in the clonal selection theory of lymphocyte development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss, in detail, all the genetic and...

Question 20

Class I MHC genes code for

Accepted Answer

A) certain secreted complement components. 
B) markers that display unique characteristics of self. 
C) all HLA antigens. 
D) receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Exam 15: Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization