Question 1

Describe the basic features of antisocial personality disorder. Why is psychotherapy with this population so likely to fail?

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

Of the following, the most accurate statement regarding the cause of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is that it appears to

Accepted Answer

A)  have a weak genetic contribution to the disorder. 
B)  be found in those individuals with a strong predisposition toward structure in their lives. 
C)  require parental reinforcement of conformity and neatness. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 3

After Philippe Pinel systematically introduced moral therapy as a treatment in mental hospitals in France, a similar type of treatment was first established in a U.S. hospital by

Accepted Answer

A)  Benjamin Rush. 
B)  William Tuke. 
C)  Joseph von Medina. 
D)  Manfred Sakel.

Question 4

You walk out of a store and your car is not in its parking space. Give a one-sentence response from the perspectives of your Id, Ego, and Superego.

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The answer of You walk out of a store and...

Question 5

One hot and humid night, one of your friends suggests doing some really crazy things. You look up at the sky and say, "It must be the full moon." Your statement reflects the concept from which the word is derived.

Accepted Answer

A)  lunatic 
B)  idiot 
C)  maniac 
D)  psychopath

Question 6

In an attempt to rid the body of the excessive humors thought to be causing psychological disorders, physicians throughout history have used treatments such as

Accepted Answer

A)  bloodletting. 
B)  induced seizures. 
C)  exorcism. 
D)  drilling through the skull.

Question 7

According to the underarousal hypothesis, individuals with antisocial personality disorder may engage in their characteristic behaviors as a way to

Accepted Answer

A)  deal with their fears. 
B)  provide a level of stimulation that most of us receive from more typical behaviors. 
C)  provide a sense of relief from the feelings of depression that they experience when they are not highly aroused. 
D)  reduce the generally high level of arousal that they feel.

Question 8

Explain what differentiates individuals with schizotypal personality disorder from schizophrenia. What are the similarities observed for individuals diagnosed with schizotypal personality disorder and schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

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Question 9

One prominent theory of antisocial personality disorder suggests that the behaviors are caused by an imbalance between the brain's

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral inhibition system and fight-or-flight system. 
B)  fight-or-flight system and reward system. 
C)  cortical stimulation system and behavioral inhibition system. 
D)  behavioral inhibition system and reward system.

Question 10

Why is the biological theoretical model considered a newer field of study than the psychological theoretical model?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brain scans can tell us about brain structure. 
B)  The field of genetics is relatively young. 
C)  We have more powerful microscopes than we have had in the past. 
D)  All of the above are true.

Question 11

Psychological disorders can be described as following a typical course or individual pattern. For example, schizophrenia follows a chronic course. On the other hand, mood disorders, including depression, follow a(n) course.

Accepted Answer

A)  episodic 
B)  acute 
C)  cyclic 
D)  insidious

Question 12

Give an example of a modern mass hysteria.

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

Which scientist felt that that psychology should not use introspection or other unquantifiable methods and is considered the founder of behaviorism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Edward Titchener 
B)  B.F. Skinner 
C)  John Watson 
D)  Ivan Pavlov

Question 14

What is the difference between personality disorders and other psychological disorders (e.g., mood disorders)? Why is there disagreement in the mental health profession regarding the categorization of personality disorders?

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Question 15

Mark has dyed his hair purple. Although his friends like the color, his older aunts have been giving him strange looks. Mark is applying for jobs and has not yet had any job offers. He suspects that potential employers are not taking him seriously because of his hair color. Which part of abnormality applies to Mark's employment situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Personal Distress 
B)  Cultural Factors 
C)  Impaired Functioning 
D)  Violation of Social Norms

Question 16

Anton Mesmer, an early 18th century physician, purported to be affecting cures in patients by unblocking their flow of a bodily fluid he called "animal magnetism." In fact, any effectiveness of his methods was actually due to

Accepted Answer

A)  undetectable magnetic fields. 
B)  chemically induced humoral balance. 
C)  mental telepathy. 
D)  the power of suggestion.

Question 17

Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, based his theories of conditioning on the results of experiments he conducted on

Accepted Answer

A)  humans. 
B)  pigeons. 
C)  rats. 
D)  dogs.

Question 18

Discuss why the following criteria are not completely satisfactory in defining abnormality: psychological dysfunction, digress, and "culturally expected" behavior.

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Question 19

Describe the characteristics and causes of borderline personality disorder, and discuss possible treatment approaches and their efficacy.

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

Regarding the definition of abnormality, it is correct to state that

Accepted Answer

A)  it is difficult to define "normal" and "abnormal." 
B)  abnormality depends solely on subjective distress. 
C)  the definition is universal across cultures. 
D)  the criteria differ depending on whether the individual has a psychological disorder or a psychological dysfunction.

Exam 1: Abnormal Behavior in Historical Context