Question 1

If your mouth waters each time you eat a cookie,you may learn to salivate when you merely see a cookie or a picture of cookie.Your mouth watering to the sight of a cookie illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) an automatic,non-learned response. 
B) learning by consequences. 
C) classical conditioning. 
D) operant conditioning.

Question 2

Associative learning occurs whenever a person or an animal forms a simple connection among various

Accepted Answer

A) motives and drives. 
B) reinforcements and punishments. 
C) stimuli and responses. 
D) expectancies and types of feedback.

Question 3

During modeling,once a new response is tried,normal reinforcement or feedback determines whether it will be repeated thereafter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In which type of learning is an antecedent stimulus that does not produce a response linked with a stimulus that does produce the response?

Accepted Answer

A) classical conditioning 
B) operant conditioning 
C) cognitive learning 
D) instrumental learning

Question 5

A behavior may be followed by a positive consequence,or reinforcer,such as food;or by a negative consequence,or punisher,such as a slap;or by nothing with these results determining whether a response is likely to be made again.The type of learning just described is

Accepted Answer

A) classical conditioning. 
B) operant conditioning. 
C) respondent conditioning. 
D) insight learning.

Question 6

Classical conditioning is based on

Accepted Answer

A) the consequences of making a response. 
B) what happens before we respond. 
C) punishments the organism receives. 
D) the observation of another organism being reinforced for a response.

Question 7

A critical variable in determining whether modeled behavior will be imitated is

Accepted Answer

A) the attractiveness of the situation in which the model appears. 
B) the unconscious motivation of the learning. 
C) the interpersonal relationship between model and learner. 
D) whether the model is successful or unsuccessful.

Question 8

Unlocking the secrets of which type of learning begins with noting what happens before and after a particular behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) associative learning 
B) insight learning 
C) cognitive learning 
D) vicarious learning

Question 9

Which of the following teaches students in a format that presents information in small amounts,gives immediate practice,and provides continuous feedback to learners?

Accepted Answer

A) programmed instruction 
B) latent learning 
C) variable interval scheduling 
D) vicarious learning

Question 10

By observing a model,a person may learn all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) the temperamental preferences in the performance of the skill. 
B) how to carry out or avoid previously learned responses. 
C) the general rules that can be applied to various situations. 
D) new responses.

Question 11

Classical and operant conditioning are the two types of _______ learning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classical and operant conditioning are the two...

Question 12

Cognitive learning involves

Accepted Answer

A) responding to reinforcers and punishers. 
B) learning through the consequences of responding. 
C) forming simple associations between various stimuli and responses. 
D) making use of information-rich higher mental processes.

Question 13

In which type of associative learning are the consequences the most important aspect for the learning to take place?

Accepted Answer

A) classical conditioning 
B) operant conditioning 
C) insight learning 
D) respondent learning

Question 14

Cindy has watched her mother cook for several months.However,today her mother is ill so Cindy offers to cook. Cindy has never had to cook before,but she does an excellent job without any assistance.This demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A) insight. 
B) latent learning. 
C) vicarious classical conditioning. 
D) higher-order conditioning.

Question 15

In the introduction to Module 27,Larry's story about how he developed a fear of rats was told.It seems that Larry learned to fear rats when as a child he heard his mother tearfully describe how,as a little girl,she was terrified by a rat scampering out of a wood pile.Thus,Larry's fear of rats developed through a form of associative learning called

Accepted Answer

A) classical conditioning. 
B) vicarious classical conditioning. 
C) operant conditioning. 
D) insight learning.

Question 16

Many people are now calculating the volume of greenhouse gases that their consumption adds to the atmosphere,which is referred to as their

Accepted Answer

A) individual consumption code. 
B) green initiative. 
C) individual carbon footprint. 
D) ozone depletion level.

Question 17

Regarding observational learning,or modeling,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Humans are the only mammals that have the capacity for observational learning. 
B) Modeling allows a person to skip the tedious trial-and-error stage of learning. 
C) Through observational learning,a person may learn new responses or may learn a general rule that can be applied to various situations. 
D) If a model is successful at a task or rewarded for a response,the learner is more likely to imitate the behavior.

Question 18

You have a mental picture of how your city is organized so that you can easily take an alternate route if there is a traffic jam.Psychologists call this a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) intuitive map. 
B) cognitive map. 
C) latent map. 
D) discovery map.

Question 19

Regarding learning principles being applied to recycling efforts,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The use of energy taxes is an example of the use of latent learning to encourage individuals to consume less fossil fuels. 
B) When factories,work groups,and dorms receive feedback on a weekly basis about how much they recycled,they typically recycle more. 
C) Recycling is more effective when entire families participate,with some family members,usually mom,reinforcing the recycling behavior of the other family members. 
D) People are able to calculate their individual resource consumption by using an ecological footprint calculator.

Question 20

Events that occur just after a response are called

Accepted Answer

A) antecedents. 
B) precursors. 
C) stimuli. 
D) consequences.

Exam 28: Conditioning and Learning: Types of Learning