Question 1

Larry,a ten-year-old,first sees two identical glasses with water at the same level; then,the water from one of the short,wide glasses is poured into a taller,thinner glass.Larry will likely conclude that __________.

Accepted Answer

A) there is more water in the taller,thinner glass 
B) there is more water in the shorter,wider glass 
C) there are equal amounts of water in the shorter,wider and taller,thinner glasses 
D) there are equal amounts of water in the two identical glasses only

Question 2

In Piaget's theory,the stage of cognitive development between 7 and 12 years of age,in which an individual becomes capable of logical thought processes but is not yet capable of abstract thinking,is the ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A) concrete operations 
B) sensorimotor 
C) preoperational 
D) formal operations

Question 3

According to Vygotsky,giving a child help in the form of asking leading questions and providing examples is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A) scaffolding. 
B) the zone of proximal development. 
C) private speech. 
D) habituation.

Question 4

According to Erikson,if a middle-aged person is unable to focus outward and is still dealing with issues of intimacy or even identity,that person is experiencing __________.

Accepted Answer

A) generativity 
B) stagnation 
C) ego integrity 
D) despair

Question 5

Tameka is at a point in her pregnancy during which the major organs and structures of her baby are first developing.Which period of prenatal development is Tameka currently experiencing?

Accepted Answer

A) fetal 
B) embryonic 
C) placental 
D) germinal

Question 6

Monozygotic twins ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) are genetically identical 
B) are genetically different 
C) will be of different sexes 
D) are more likely to occur when a woman is taking fertility drugs

Question 7

Your little sister picks up objects,feels every part of them,and then puts them in her mouth.What stage of Jean Piaget's model of cognitive development does this behavior suggest she is in?

Accepted Answer

A) concrete operations 
B) sensorimotor 
C) preoperational 
D) formal operations

Question 8

Which of the following is the term that refers to the difference between what a child can do alone and what that child can do with the help of a teacher?

Accepted Answer

A) scaffolding 
B) conservation 
C) hypothetical thinking. 
D) zone of proximal development

Question 9

The period of life between roughly the ages of 10 and 20 when a person is transformed from a child to an adult is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) puberty 
B) menarche 
C) maturation 
D) adolescence

Question 10

The growth spurt for boys typically begins at age__________.

Accepted Answer

A) 9 
B) 12 
C) 10 
D) 15

Question 11

Reasoning out what one should do in posed moral dilemmas based on abstract principles of right and wrong and justice illustrates the _______ level of moral development.

Accepted Answer

A) preconventional 
B) postconventional 
C) conventional 
D) nonconventional

Question 12

Simone's family does not have a lot of money.Simone's mom buys her clothing from the local super store.Simone believes that other students notice that she does not wear brand name clothes.This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) underestimation 
B) personal fable 
C) self-serving bias 
D) imaginary audience

Question 13

How many stages did Kubler-Ross identify among terminally ill patients who knew they were going to die?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 5 
C) 7 
D) 10

Question 14

According to Erikson,the last stage of development involves the crisis of:

Accepted Answer

A) identity vs.role confusion 
B) generativity vs.stagnation 
C) autonomy vs.doubt 
D) ego-integrity vs.despair

Question 15

Rashid and Tawana are watching the classic TV show Leave It to Beaver.After watching the show,they decide to play.Rashid says he will be Ward Cleaver and Tawana should play June Cleaver.This play situation would be best explained by _________.

Accepted Answer

A) Freudian psychoanalysis 
B) Piaget's theory of development 
C) gender schema theory 
D) social learning theory

Question 16

What is the cause of Down syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A) an extra chromosome on the 21st pair 
B) an extra X chromosome on the 23rd pair 
C) neurotransmitter excesses 
D) neurotransmitter deficiencies

Question 17

In gender schema theory,gender identity ______.

Accepted Answer

A) first forms as a mental concept of "boy" or "girl." 
B) is acquired through simple imitation of models. 
C) occurs through observational learning. 
D) is acquired through positive reinforcement of appropriate gender behavior.

Question 18

In puberty,only the primary sex characteristics in the body reach their peak.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Emily and her husband are thrilled as they peer into Emily's uterus by means of an ultrasound.The physician reports that the pregnancy appears normal,and that their baby's fingers,toes,heart,and circulatory system are developing as expected.The couple learns that the baby is one inch long.Given this information,the current stage of prenatal development is the_________.

Accepted Answer

A) embryonic period 
B) germinal period 
C) zygotic period 
D) fetal stage

Question 20

According to Erikson's theory,the _______ stage of development occurs in old age.

Accepted Answer

A) generativity versus stagnation 
B) intimacy versus isolation 
C) integrity versus despair 
D) trust versus mistrust

Exam 7: Development Across the Life Span