In Inside Bureaucracy, Anthony Downs Identifies Several Antidistortion Factors in Communication

Multiple Choice

In Inside Bureaucracy, Anthony Downs identifies several antidistortion factors in communication: (1) multiple internal information sources and overlapping responsibilities; (2) direct communication through hierarchical levels or elimination of such levels; (3) distortion-proof messages (e.g., summarization of details in nontechnical language with little jargon) ; (4) external sources of information; and so on. According to the text, few presidents followed Downs's recommendations more faithfully than

A) James Madison.
B) Harry S Truman.
C) Dwight D.Eisenhower.
D) Ronald Reagan.
E) Bill Clinton.