Question 1

Competition between individuals of the same species is which type of competition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interspecific competition 
B)  Intraspecific competition 
C)  Heterotrophic competition 
D)  Disruptive competition

Question 2

Oak tree species are quite abundant in the southern California landscape.These species are long-lived,even though they experience drought.What would you predict their root structure to be like?

Accepted Answer

A)  They likely have shallow roots that spread out across wide areas 
B)  They likely have one single, shallow root 
C)  They likely have a very deep root structure that reaches through many layers of soil 
D)  They likely have a root structure that branches out but can move deeper into layers of soil when drought conditions occur.

Question 3

If you wanted to eat something with a high C:N ratio,which of the following would you select?

Accepted Answer

A)  A vegetarian salad 
B)  A piece of steak 
C)  A piece of fish 
D)  A stick of butter

Question 4

A niche for a species of salamander is determined by the density of individuals in the area,soil temperature,amounts of precipitation,and food availability.Thus,the niche would be modeled as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  Fundamental niche dimension 
B)  A four-dimensional niche volume 
C)  A two-dimensional niche volume 
D)  You could not model this niche

Question 5

According to Figure 3.4,Lasiommata maera larvae in the fall

Accepted Answer

A)  Develop at the same rate as larvae in the spring regardless of the hours of light per day 
B)  Develop more quickly when hours of daylight decrease 
C)  Develop more slowly when hours of darkness increase 
D)  Develop more quickly than larvae in the spring when there are fewer hours of light per day

Question 6

A _________ is an organism that relies on external sources of heat to determine the pace of their metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ectoparasite 
B)  Ectotherm 
C)  Endotherm 
D)  Endoparasite

Question 7

A species of bacteria is known to live in the skin and other organs of puffer fish.These bacteria produce a toxin that the puffer fish use to poison predators.The bacteria benefit from living on the puffer fish by receiving a host.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  Parasitism 
B)  Mutualism 
C)  Interspecific competition 
D)  Exploitation

Question 8

According to Figure 3.27,glucosinolates in the petals and leaves of wild radish:

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased in the leaves of damaged plants 
B)  Did not change in damaged leaves relative to undamaged leaves 
C)  Increased in undamaged petals relative to damaged petals 
D)  Do not appear to differ significantly between damaged and undamaged petals

Question 9

Organisms whose major resources are photosynthetic radiation,water,nutrients,and carbon dioxide are known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Heterotrophs 
B)  Homotrophs 
C)  Autotrophs 
D)  Endotrophs

Question 10

Conditions can affect disease dynamics.A grasshopper species will escape serious infection by a fungal pathogen by modifying what condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  The amount of carbohydrates in its diet 
B)  Its body temperature, and it does so by basking 
C)  The percentage of water that it is comprised of, which it does by eating vegetation with a higher water content 
D)  It is not capable of preventing infection by this fungal pathogen

Question 11

You have been observing a species of mammal that appears to enter a dormant phase where their metabolic activity is greatly reduced relative to the rest of the year.This change seems to be associated with a decreased length of daylight.What you have observed is often referred to as ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Diel migration 
B)  Diapause 
C)  Acclimatization 
D)  None of the above

Question 12

______ is used by plants to time dormancy and flowering.

Accepted Answer

A)  Photoperiod 
B)  Phenology 
C)  Basal rate 
D)  Migration

Question 13

The term _______ refers to the success of individuals in the population to survive,reproduce,and leave descendants in an environment relative to others.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fitness 
B)  Speciation 
C)  Evolution 
D)  Natural selection

Question 14

There is evidence that some plants respond to herbivore attacks by increasing the production of chemicals known to deter herbivory.What would this be an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interspecific competition 
B)  An obligate response 
C)  Exploitation 
D)  An inducible defense

Question 15

A mimic is a species that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Is usually not toxic or noxious 
B)  Possess poisons 
C)  Adopt a color or pattern of a species that is poisonous or distateful 
D)  Eats species it resembles

Question 16

You learn that a plant species has evolved to deal with year-round drought conditions by reducing their rate of photosynthesis.One trait that may be associated with such a response is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Long-lived leaves that transpire quickly 
B)  Having many stomata 
C)  Long-lived leaves that transpire slowly 
D)  None of the above

Question 17

Snowy plovers,a coastal bird species,are found to live only on sandy beaches.Where snowy plovers live is referred to as their:

Accepted Answer

A)  Niche 
B)  Ecological niche 
C)  Habitat 
D)  Acclimate

Question 18

As its first product of photosynthesis,a __________ will produce a sugar containing three carbon atoms.

Accepted Answer

A)  C4 plant 
B)  CAM plant 
C)  C3 plant 
D)  None of the above

Question 19

If a plant is prevented from transpiring,what do you expect the outcome will be?

Accepted Answer

A)  The plant will likely experience cooler temperatures. 
B)  The plant will likely become overheated. 
C)  Nothing will happen; plants are prevented from transpiring all the time. 
D)  The plant will grow much more quickly.

Question 20

A single algal species competes for a required resource,silicate.As the number of individuals increases,there is less silicate available for the original individuals.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Interference competition 
B)  Interspecific competition 
C)  Exploitation 
D)  None of the above

Exam 3: Physical Conditions and the Availability of Resources