Question 1

Keith does not believe that bad things will happen to him.He thinks it is wrong for others to drink and drive but is okay for him because he is special and will not wreck.This is called ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) imaginary audience 
B) personal fable 
C) egocentrism 
D) logical necessity

Question 2

"Top-down reasoning" is also known as ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) conditional reasoning 
B) logical necessity 
C) hypothetical deductive reasoning 
D) logical thinking

Question 3

Having a job during high school becomes more detrimental than beneficial to the student if the student works more than ________hours per week.

Accepted Answer

A) 16 
B) 20 
C) 24 
D) 32

Question 4

When a student who belongs to a group with a negative stereotype fears doing poorly in school,they have demonstrated ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) a self-fulfilling prophecy 
B) a stereotype threat 
C) confirmed expectations 
D) laziness

Question 5

Improved neural efficiency is due to _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) pruning 
B) myelination 
C) executive functioning 
D) maturation

Question 6

Piaget believed that children acquire cognitive abilities in an ordered and invariant manner.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What begins with a series of abstract ideas and then uses logic to reach a conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A) inductive reasoning 
B) conditional reasoning 
C) logical necessity 
D) hypothetical deductive reasoning

Question 8

Your brain is not fully developed until you are about 25.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The majority of students who drop out of high school will return to get their GED.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Research has shown that one of the best ways to succeed in college is to believe you can.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In Biology class in high school,Amy has been drawing her own models of how photosynthesis works.She is in the _________stage of learning this academic language.

Accepted Answer

A) receptive understanding 
B) conceptual understanding 
C) interpretive understanding 
D) expressive understanding

Question 12

Sixteen-year-old Katy believes she can't go to school because everyone will notice her "bad hair day." This is an example of _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) egocentrism 
B) imaginary audience 
C) formal thought 
D) logical thinking

Question 13

Teens tend to make the riskiest decisions when ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) with parents 
B) alone 
C) with peers 
D) All the time

Question 14

Zoe is 16 and is at a party serving alcohol.When her friends ask her to drink,she immediately thinks: "okay,no one here has a problem and they will think I'm cool." But then she thinks about driving home and what her parents will say,so she ends up declining.She has just ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) committed social suicide 
B) used the dual-process model of decision making 
C) used reactive reasoning 
D) made her friends mad

Question 15

What an individual can perform with the assistance of another today,she can perform alone in the future.According to Vygotsky,this is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) inner speech 
B) mediated learning 
C) the zone of proximal development 
D) formal thinking

Question 16

David asks his professor to explain a programming language.The professor responds with a story of his life experiences in becoming a computer programmer.According to Vygotsky,David and the professor ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) have synchrony 
B) are not communicating 
C) lack intersubjectivity 
D) are asynchronous

Question 17

Sarah,a senior in high school,has decided to take an Advanced Writing class instead of Calculus because she thinks she will not do will in Calculus and she won't need it in life.This is an example of ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) learned helplessness 
B) expectancy value theory 
C) gender preferences 
D) academic motivation

Question 18

Actual changes in brain structure occur with repeated use of neural circuits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Anxiety over trying to disprove a stereotype can cause a student to perform more poorly.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

According to Brofenbrenner,the relationships between the student and the teacher make up part of the student's ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) microsystem 
B) mesosystem 
C) exosystem 
D) chronosystem

Exam 15: Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Keith does not believe that bad things will happen to him.He thinks it is wrong for others to drink and drive but is okay for him because he is special and will not wreck.This is called ___________.

"Top-down reasoning" is also known as ______________.

Having a job during high school becomes more detrimental than beneficial to the student if the student works more than ________hours per week.

When a student who belongs to a group with a negative stereotype fears doing poorly in school,they have demonstrated ____________.

Improved neural efficiency is due to _______________.

Piaget believed that children acquire cognitive abilities in an ordered and invariant manner.

What begins with a series of abstract ideas and then uses logic to reach a conclusion?

Your brain is not fully developed until you are about 25.

The majority of students who drop out of high school will return to get their GED.

Research has shown that one of the best ways to succeed in college is to believe you can.

In Biology class in high school,Amy has been drawing her own models of how photosynthesis works.She is in the _________stage of learning this academic language.

Sixteen-year-old Katy believes she can't go to school because everyone will notice her "bad hair day." This is an example of _____________.

Teens tend to make the riskiest decisions when ___________.

Zoe is 16 and is at a party serving alcohol.When her friends ask her to drink,she immediately thinks: "okay,no one here has a problem and they will think I'm cool." But then she thinks about driving home and what her parents will say,so she ends up declining.She has just ___________.

What an individual can perform with the assistance of another today,she can perform alone in the future.According to Vygotsky,this is called ____________.

David asks his professor to explain a programming language.The professor responds with a story of his life experiences in becoming a computer programmer.According to Vygotsky,David and the professor ____________.

Sarah,a senior in high school,has decided to take an Advanced Writing class instead of Calculus because she thinks she will not do will in Calculus and she won't need it in life.This is an example of ______________.

Actual changes in brain structure occur with repeated use of neural circuits.

Anxiety over trying to disprove a stereotype can cause a student to perform more poorly.

According to Brofenbrenner,the relationships between the student and the teacher make up part of the student's ____________.