For Which of the Following Patients Requiring Ventilatory Support Would

Multiple Choice

For which of the following patients requiring ventilatory support would you recommend against using a heat-moisture exchanger (HME) for airway humidification?
1) Patient with an expired V_T less than 70% of the delivered V_T
2) Patient with a spontaneous minute ventilation of 14 L/min
3) Patient with body temperature less than 32° C

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3