Question 1

What is the function of the chloroplast in a plant cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  detoxification of macromolecules 
B)  degradation of macromolecules 
C)  conversion of light energy to chemical energy 
D)  conversion of glucose to ATP

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct formula for glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  C5H10O5 
B)  C6H12O6 
C)  C5H12O6 
D)  C6H10O6

Question 3

Identify the following functional groups.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the following functional groups. ...

Question 4

In DNA the phosphate groups are on the outside of the helix.Why does this stabilize the structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  ionic interactions with the solvent 
B)  hydrogen bonding with itself 
C)  covalent binding to the solvent 
D)  It does not stabilize the structure.

Question 5

The correct definition of a pathway intermediate is a molecule that

Accepted Answer

A)  is both a product and a reactant in a pathway. 
B)  lowers the activation energy of a reaction. 
C)  increases the rate of a reaction. 
D)  is only a reactant in a pathway.

Question 6

Cell signaling and cell membranes are examples of functions performed by which biomolecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acid 
B)  nucleotide 
C)  simple sugar 
D)  fatty acid

Question 7

A nucleotide consists of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogenous base, four-membered sugar and phosphate groups 
B)  phosphate base, four-membered sugar and sulfate groups 
C)  nitrogenous base, five-membered sugar and phosphate groups 
D)  carboxylic acid, four-membered sugar and phosphate groups

Question 8

An inherited disease comes from the mutation of DNA in a __________ cell.

Accepted Answer

A)  somatic 
B)  germ-line 
C)  adipose 
D)  blood

Question 9

Highly conserved gene sequences that encode proteins with the same function in different organisms are called __________ genes.

Accepted Answer

A)  orthologous 
B)  conserved 
C)  parallel 
D)  antiparallel

Question 10

What process describes using mRNA templates to produce proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA transcription 
B)  DNA replication 
C)  DNA translation 
D)  mRNA translation

Question 11

Triacylglycerols are neutral molecules made of

Accepted Answer

A)  three fatty acid esters covalently linked to glycine. 
B)  three fatty acid esters covalently linked to glycerol. 
C)  two fatty acid esters covalently linked to glycine. 
D)  three acyls covalently linked to glycerol.

Question 12

Cyclic pathways contain several metabolites that regenerate during each turn of the cycle.Another way to describe a metabolite is that it functions as a

Accepted Answer

A)  reactant or product. 
B)  catalysis. 
C)  transition state. 
D)  enzyme.

Question 13

Ribose is a

Accepted Answer

A)  four-carbon sugar. 
B)  five-carbon sugar. 
C)  six-carbon sugar. 
D)  five-carbon acid.

Question 14

Evaluate the following statement: Two amino acid sequences with high sequence conservation must have the same function in an organism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evaluate the following statement: Two amino acid...

Question 15

What is the cause of the overall negative charge of a molecule of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen bonding between base pairs 
B)  the phosphate backbone 
C)  the sugars 
D)  the antiparallel orientation of the DNA

Question 16

If energy in the form of ATP is required to make a polymeric macromolecule,which of the following will happen if there is no ATP available?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rate of polymer increases. 
B)  The polymer is broken down to release ATP. 
C)  The polymer continues to be made at the same rate. 
D)  The enzyme degrades to release ATP.

Question 17

The proposal that DNA is a double helix was based on what experimental evidence?

Accepted Answer

A)  NMR 
B)  IR 
C)  HPLC 
D)  x-ray crystallography

Question 18

What is an advantage of using polypeptides for storage and information transmission?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is an advantage of using polypeptides...

Question 19

Why are fewer polypeptide sequences encountered biologically than are theoretically possible?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no way to make all the theoretical possibilities. 
B)  The phosphodiester linkages don't allow for all the possibilities. 
C)  Not all have useful structural and functional properties. 
D)  Not all of the possibilities can be broken down.

Question 20

A segment of DNA containing 20 base pairs includes 8 adenine residues.How many uracil residues are present?

Accepted Answer

A)  12 
B)  8 
C)  0 
D)  28

Exam 1: Principles of Biochemistry