Question 1

Your friend Angelina wants to know what she can do to stimulate her son Mario's development.What should Angelina do in her interactions with Mario and how should she structure his home environment to maximize his language development?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your friend Angelina wants to know what...

Question 2

According to linguists,which of the following statements reflects how children acquire grammar?

Accepted Answer

A) Children learn grammar by means of reinforcement and imitation. 
B) The human brain is not specialized to process language. 
C) Humans seem to be innately prepared to process language and learn grammar. 
D) Language can be acquired easily at any time during one's life.

Question 3

Preschool children ignore sentence cues when learning the meanings of words.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which child showed overregularization?

Accepted Answer

A) Rachel,who said "I goed to the store" 
B) Whitney,who said "Me go" 
C) Clarissa,who said "I went to the store" 
D) Isabelle,who said "I go to the store every day"

Question 5

As children develop the ability to use symbols,they begin to talk and

Accepted Answer

A) no longer make underextension errors. 
B) no longer make overregularization errors. 
C) begin to be able to differentiate phonemes. 
D) begin to use gestures.

Question 6

The production of syllables that contain vowels and consonants is called

Accepted Answer

A) cooing. 
B) babbling. 
C) fast mapping. 
D) intonation.

Question 7

When using __________,adults speak slowly and with exaggerated changes in pitch and loudness.

Accepted Answer

A) a referential style 
B) an expressive style 
C) infant-directed speech 
D) adult-directed speech

Question 8

You are on a committee formed to make a recommendation to a school system about how to best help non-English-speaking children master both academic content and English.Based on research in this area,what language would you recommend be used for instruction?

Accepted Answer

A) English only 
B) the children's native language only 
C) both English and the children's native language 
D) either English or the children's native language,it does not matter which one is used

Question 9

Bilingualism is very confusing for children and,consequently,bilingual children show more cognitive deficits than monolingual children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Barry tells his 3-year-old son,Billy,the name of an unfamiliar object.You would expect Billy to

Accepted Answer

A) use rules to link the word with its meaning. 
B) not use any rules to determine the meaning of the word. 
C) need to hear the new word many times before he learns its correct meaning. 
D) systematically evaluate all possible hypotheses regarding the correct meaning of the word.

Question 11

When Angela says "Me down" instead of "I would like to get down," she is using

Accepted Answer

A) overregularization. 
B) a grammatical morpheme. 
C) telegraphic speech. 
D) underextension.

Question 12

Meredith has just begun to be able to use symbols to represent actions and objects.You would expect her to use

Accepted Answer

A) gestures,but not words. 
B) words,but not gestures. 
C) words and gestures. 
D) neither words nor gestures.

Question 13

Toddlers who are more advanced in their use of gestures tend to have a less complex spoken language.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Children sometimes have distinctive styles of learning language.Name and describe two styles of learning language.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Children sometimes have distinctive styles of learning...

Question 15

Infant-oriented videos (like Baby Einstein)are effective in promoting infants' word learning before 18 months of age.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Berko's classic study in which she showed children a nonsense object labeled a "wug" and then presented the child with a picture of two of these objects to see how the child would supply the plural form of "wug" demonstrated that preschool

Accepted Answer

A) children's use of grammatical morphemes is based on rules. 
B) children do not use inflection. 
C) children's language is not based on rules. 
D) children acquire a rule for using "un + verb" to reverse or stop the action of a verb.

Question 17

Overextension occurs more frequently when children are comprehending words than when they are producing words.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A specific area of the brain,usually the left hemisphere,plays a critical role in processing language.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The findings that specific regions of the brain are involved in language processing,that only humans learn grammar readily,and that there is a critical period for learning language all support the idea

Accepted Answer

A) that language is learned primarily through imitation and reinforcement. 
B) that there is an inborn grammar-learning device. 
C) that children use powerful cognitive mechanisms to find recurring patterns in speech they hear. 
D) that language learning takes place through social interactions.

Question 20

A language's rules for combining words to create sentences are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) telegraphic speech. 
B) semantic bootstrapping. 
C) grammatical morphemes. 
D) syntax.

Exam 9: Language and Communication

Your friend Angelina wants to know what she can do to stimulate her son Mario's development.What should Angelina do in her interactions with Mario and how should she structure his home environment to maximize his language development?

According to linguists,which of the following statements reflects how children acquire grammar?

Preschool children ignore sentence cues when learning the meanings of words.

Which child showed overregularization?

As children develop the ability to use symbols,they begin to talk and

The production of syllables that contain vowels and consonants is called

When using __________,adults speak slowly and with exaggerated changes in pitch and loudness.

You are on a committee formed to make a recommendation to a school system about how to best help non-English-speaking children master both academic content and English.Based on research in this area,what language would you recommend be used for instruction?

Bilingualism is very confusing for children and,consequently,bilingual children show more cognitive deficits than monolingual children.

Barry tells his 3-year-old son,Billy,the name of an unfamiliar object.You would expect Billy to

When Angela says "Me down" instead of "I would like to get down," she is using

Meredith has just begun to be able to use symbols to represent actions and objects.You would expect her to use

Toddlers who are more advanced in their use of gestures tend to have a less complex spoken language.

Children sometimes have distinctive styles of learning language.Name and describe two styles of learning language.

Infant-oriented videos (like Baby Einstein)are effective in promoting infants' word learning before 18 months of age.

Berko's classic study in which she showed children a nonsense object labeled a "wug" and then presented the child with a picture of two of these objects to see how the child would supply the plural form of "wug" demonstrated that preschool

Overextension occurs more frequently when children are comprehending words than when they are producing words.

A specific area of the brain,usually the left hemisphere,plays a critical role in processing language.

The findings that specific regions of the brain are involved in language processing,that only humans learn grammar readily,and that there is a critical period for learning language all support the idea

A language's rules for combining words to create sentences are referred to as