Question 1

According to Erikson,the challenge during adolescence is to develop a sense of trust in the world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following is a problem with the use of self-report?

Accepted Answer

A) Answers do not lead directly to information on the topic of interest. 
B) Children may provide answers that are socially acceptable. 
C) The collection of information is not convenient. 
D) Children have very accurate memories,so their answers regarding past events can be trusted.

Question 3

B.F.Skinner is most closely associated with which of the following concepts?

Accepted Answer

A) imprinting 
B) self-efficacy 
C) operant conditioning 
D) observational learning

Question 4

A researcher wants to see if watching a violent movie leads to more aggressive behavior in preschool children.How should the researcher proceed? Be sure to discuss sampling,assignment to conditions,and choice of independent and dependent variables.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher wants to see if watching...

Question 5

A correlation coefficient of .85 indicates that two variables are positively related (e.g. ,children who watch many violent TV shows are more aggressive).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A researcher is interested in how toddlers perceive emotions.The researcher brings toddlers into a room and presents them with different photographs of faces,each representing a different emotion.The toddlers are asked to point to different emotions as the researcher reads them aloud.This is an example of what type of research design?

Accepted Answer

A) correlational 
B) sampling behavior with tasks 
C) self-report 
D) naturalistic observation

Question 7

Making a child do extra chores when she doesn't clean her room is an example of positive reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

According to this theory,development reflects a specific and prearranged scheme or plan within the body.

Accepted Answer

A) maturational theory 
B) ethological theory 
C) psychodynamic theory 
D) psychosocial theory

Question 9

According to ethologists,some behaviors can only be learned

Accepted Answer

A) when the behavior is reinforced and opposing behaviors are punished. 
B) through observational learning. 
C) during a critical period when the organism is biologically programmed to learn that behavior. 
D) when the conflict between biological drives and society's standards is resolved.

Question 10

One day you and a friend are talking and your friend states,"Development is the result of the genes that you inherit,and those genes put you on a developmental path that stays the same throughout your life." What can you tell your friend about the issues of nature versus nurture and continuity versus discontinuity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of One day you and a friend are...

Question 11

Research measures that involve watching children's unprompted behavior in real-life settings are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) structured observations. 
B) tasks that sample behavior. 
C) self-report measures. 
D) naturalistic observations.

Question 12

Raeann believes that babies are born with tendencies to form emotional bonds with their caregivers because it makes them more likely to survive.Raeann's beliefs fit most closely with __________ theory.

Accepted Answer

A) maturational 
B) psychodynamic 
C) learning 
D) ethological

Question 13

If an ego could talk,it might say

Accepted Answer

A) "I want to eat NOW!" 
B) "Do you think that is the right and honorable way to act?" 
C) "Let's see if we can discuss this issue calmly and rationally." 
D) "Is that what your mother would do?"

Question 14

Jaraan was never really able to answer the question "Who am I?" as a teenager.Erikson would predict that during young adulthood,Jaraan will

Accepted Answer

A) be likely to view his life as satisfactory and worth living. 
B) establish a loving relationship with another person. 
C) develop the ability to try new things and handle failure. 
D) have difficulty forming intimate relationships.

Question 15

The nature-nurture issue is concerned with

Accepted Answer

A) the connection of development in one domain to development in other domains. 
B) the role that children play in influencing their own development. 
C) the roles that biology and environment play in development. 
D) how early development is related to later development.

Question 16

If Mohammed took the same achievement test at three different times and received scores of 100,55,and 75,the test would have low levels of

Accepted Answer

A) validity. 
B) representativeness. 
C) sampling behavior. 
D) reliability.

Question 17

Using self-reports is a special case of using tasks to measure children's behavior.Describe the strengths and weaknesses of self-reports.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using self-reports is a special case of...

Question 18

Erikson's theory suggests that 16-year-old Glenn is likely to be facing the challenge of

Accepted Answer

A) realizing that he is an independent person. 
B) establishing an intimate relationship with another person. 
C) developing a sense of trust in the world. 
D) developing a sense of his own identity.

Question 19

Gesell's maturational theory most closely fits with the ideas of

Accepted Answer

A) Jean Jacques Rousseau. 
B) Erik Erikson. 
C) John Locke. 
D) John Watson.

Question 20

Jackie feels that superior genes are the primary reason her daughter Jacqueline is intellectually gifted.Jackie believes in the importance of

Accepted Answer

A) the active child. 
B) continuity. 
C) nature. 
D) the connection of domains.

Exam 1: The Science of Child Development

According to Erikson,the challenge during adolescence is to develop a sense of trust in the world.

Which of the following is a problem with the use of self-report?

B.F.Skinner is most closely associated with which of the following concepts?

A researcher wants to see if watching a violent movie leads to more aggressive behavior in preschool children.How should the researcher proceed? Be sure to discuss sampling,assignment to conditions,and choice of independent and dependent variables.

A correlation coefficient of .85 indicates that two variables are positively related (e.g. ,children who watch many violent TV shows are more aggressive).

Making a child do extra chores when she doesn't clean her room is an example of positive reinforcement.

According to this theory,development reflects a specific and prearranged scheme or plan within the body.

According to ethologists,some behaviors can only be learned

Research measures that involve watching children's unprompted behavior in real-life settings are referred to as

Raeann believes that babies are born with tendencies to form emotional bonds with their caregivers because it makes them more likely to survive.Raeann's beliefs fit most closely with __________ theory.

If an ego could talk,it might say

Jaraan was never really able to answer the question "Who am I?" as a teenager.Erikson would predict that during young adulthood,Jaraan will

The nature-nurture issue is concerned with

If Mohammed took the same achievement test at three different times and received scores of 100,55,and 75,the test would have low levels of

Using self-reports is a special case of using tasks to measure children's behavior.Describe the strengths and weaknesses of self-reports.

Erikson's theory suggests that 16-year-old Glenn is likely to be facing the challenge of

Gesell's maturational theory most closely fits with the ideas of

Jackie feels that superior genes are the primary reason her daughter Jacqueline is intellectually gifted.Jackie believes in the importance of