Question 1

Which of the four types of participant observation is the type most researchers identify as being participant observa tion?

Accepted Answer

A)   complete participation
B)   participant as observer
C)   observer as participant
D)   complete observation B

Question 2

A "verstehen" approach to research represents a commitment to a more positivistic or quantitative strategy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Identify and discuss the following three designs: ABA, ABAB, ABACA.

Accepted Answer

The ABA design is a type of research design used in experimental psychology and behavioral analysis. In this design, participants are exposed to a baseline condition (A), then an intervention or treatment (B), and then the baseline condition again (A). This design allows researchers to observe the effects of the treatment by comparing the participants' behavior before and after the intervention.

ABAB is another type of research design used in experimental psychology and behavioral analysis. In this design, participants are exposed to a baseline condition (A), then an intervention or treatment (B), then the treatment is withdrawn (A), and finally the treatment is reintroduced (B). This design allows researchers to not only observe the effects of the treatment but also to see if the effects are reversible when the treatment is removed.

ABACA is a variation of the ABA design where an additional condition (C) is introduced after the second baseline condition (A). This design allows researchers to evaluate the effects of multiple treatments or interventions on participants' behavior.

Overall, these designs are important tools in experimental psychology and behavioral analysis as they allow researchers to systematically evaluate the effects of interventions or treatments on behavior, and to make inferences about causality.

Question 4

The text agrees with the notion, "it takes one to know one," or that observers must actively participate in the activities of or possess the characteristics of the subjects of study in order to understand them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following was not identified as a problem with quantitative means of data gathering such as experiments and surveys?

Accepted Answer

A)   overidentification
B)   artificiality
C)   nonresponse bias d demand characteristics

Question 6

Contrary to advice offered by other writers, Polsky feels that it is very possible to study criminals in their natural environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following is the proper notation for a single subject reversal design?

Accepted Answer

A)   ABACA
B)   ABA
C)   AB
D)   ALIBABA

Question 8

Participant observers should usually record notes or impor tant details on the spot, while it is happening.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is generally not a suggested strategy in participant observation?

Accepted Answer

A)   avoid overidentification
B)   disguise the fact that one is doing a study
C)   announce one's intentions
D)   obtain a gatekeeper

Question 10

The ABA single subject design is an example of a reversal design.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which is not an advantage of participant observation?

Accepted Answer

A)   less prejudgments
B)   less disturbance
C)   less quantitative
D)   less time consuming

Question 12

Participant observation as a data gathering strategy:

Accepted Answer

A)   usually represents a commitment to a more quantitative research orientation
B)   may pose potential ethical hazards
C)   usually involves minimum contact with subjects
D)   requires that the researcher perform all of the activities of the group being studied

Question 13

The "Chicago School of Sociology" in the twenties was a leading advocate of field studies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Single subject designs are based on:

Accepted Answer

A)   time-series designs
B)   cross-sectional designs
C)   experimental designs
D)   Pre-experimental designs

Question 15

The text took the point of view that the only perfect research is no research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Single subject designs are more practical for clinical service providers than group designs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Probability sampling is the most often used strategy in participant observation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In his research Orne discovered that most experimental research subjects will balk when asked to perform meaning less or ridiculous tasks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Surprisingly, a disproportionate number of police studies have utilized participant observation as the major means of data gathering.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Pseudonyms are employed in field studies in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)   protect the identity of researchers
B)   protect the identity of respondents
C)   protect the identity of sponsors
D)   protect the identity of politicians

Exam 7: Participant Observation and Case Studies

Which of the four types of participant observation is the type most researchers identify as being participant observa tion?

A "verstehen" approach to research represents a commitment to a more positivistic or quantitative strategy.

Identify and discuss the following three designs: ABA, ABAB, ABACA.

The text agrees with the notion, "it takes one to know one," or that observers must actively participate in the activities of or possess the characteristics of the subjects of study in order to understand them.

Which of the following was not identified as a problem with quantitative means of data gathering such as experiments and surveys?

Contrary to advice offered by other writers, Polsky feels that it is very possible to study criminals in their natural environment.

Which of the following is the proper notation for a single subject reversal design?

Participant observers should usually record notes or impor tant details on the spot, while it is happening.

Which of the following is generally not a suggested strategy in participant observation?

The ABA single subject design is an example of a reversal design.

Which is not an advantage of participant observation?

Participant observation as a data gathering strategy:

The "Chicago School of Sociology" in the twenties was a leading advocate of field studies.

Single subject designs are based on:

The text took the point of view that the only perfect research is no research.

Single subject designs are more practical for clinical service providers than group designs.

Probability sampling is the most often used strategy in participant observation.

In his research Orne discovered that most experimental research subjects will balk when asked to perform meaning less or ridiculous tasks.

Surprisingly, a disproportionate number of police studies have utilized participant observation as the major means of data gathering.

Pseudonyms are employed in field studies in order to: