Question 1

According to your text, the three primary data collection techniques qualitative researchers use include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  observations. 
B)  interviews. 
C)  examining records. 
D)  attitude surveys.

Question 2

In qualitative research, the primary data collection instrument is

Accepted Answer

A)  the researcher. 
B)  the participant. 
C)  face-to-face interaction. 
D)  numerical data.

Question 3

One strategy that researchers can use to ease into the field is to

Accepted Answer

A)  ask all the specific questions first to establish rapport. 
B)  come to the first session unannounced to see things 'the way they really are'. 
C)  try not to answer any questions about themselves or the study so not to influence the responses. 
D)  be relatively passive and ask nonspecific questions to increase comfort level.

Question 4

A framework for field notes that is consistent across observation sessions developed before data collection is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  a memo. 
B)  a protocol. 
C)  interaction analysis. 
D)  a thick description.

Question 5

Lan is working on a study of teachers' use of technology in their classrooms. She uses observation as her primary data collection method. Which of the following research sites is likely MOST pertinent to Lan's study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Faculty/Staff rooms where teachers' talk about technology 
B)  Conference sessions that teachers attend about technology 
C)  The classrooms of her teacher participants 
D)  The computer lab that the students go to after school.

Question 6

Lupe's study describes the experiences of Division I cross country athletes. She uses observations as her primary data collection methods. Which of the following settings is likely MOST pertinent to Lupe's study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coaches' conference meeting 
B)  Cross country practices 
C)  Parent's of athletes homes 
D)  Athlete's high school coaches offices

Question 7

Consistent with guidelines in your text for field notes, researchers should

Accepted Answer

A)  include only descriptive information in field notes. 
B)  include only reflective information in field notes. 
C)  record descriptive and reflective information together in field notes . 
D)  record descriptive and reflective information separately in field notes.

Question 8

In the initial observation session it is suggested that the researcher

Accepted Answer

A)  stay for an extended length of time to better understand the setting. 
B)  stay for a short time to ease into the process of writing field notes. 
C)  observe only, do not take any field notes as it will diminish your focus. 
D)  ask numerous questions of all potential participants to establish rapport.

Question 9

Which of the following is important when conducting focus groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Designate one leader to assure order in responses 
B)  Include large groups to collect richer data 
C)  Encourage all participants to respond to questions 
D)  Leave the process open-ended without researcher interference

Question 10

Ankur is conducting a qualitative research study that explores the context of youth competitive soccer. Of the following, which is likely the most prevalent source from which he will collect data?

Accepted Answer

A)  Times of speed drills completed in practice 
B)  Individual player's statistics for the season 
C)  Observations of players and others at games 
D)  Surveys of community members opinions

Question 11

Finn is a qualitative researcher setting out to conduct his first interview of his study. He is not sure if he should record the interview. Given recommendations regarding data collection methods, please advise Finn.

Accepted Answer

A)  Qualitative researchers do not generally record the first interview. 
B)  Qualitative researchers recommend recording the interview. 
C)  Qualitative researchers do not record novice interviewers. 
D)  Qualitative researchers recommend only video recording interviews.

Question 12

Myles is conducting a qualitative research study of middle management engineers enrolled in an executive MBA program. If Myles' study is consistent with practice, which of the following represents his primary data source?

Accepted Answer

A)  Records from the school that show the program requirements 
B)  Observations of the students while engaged in coursework 
C)  Opinion surveys regarding participants purposes for enrollment 
D)  Students' academic transcripts

Question 13

Susan is conducting interviews with successful technology entrepreneurs. She needs to pilot her interview protocol. Of the following, who would constitute the most appropriate pilot group?

Accepted Answer

A)  Other technology entrepreneurs 
B)  Entrepreneurs in other fields 
C)  Those who invest in technology entrepreneurs 
D)  Employees of technology entrepreneurs

Question 14

Jeb studies the motivation of young environmentalists. He wants to understand more about the ways in which these children think about environmental issues and how their ideas have developed. He identifies participants through a local 'green kids' group and goes to their next meeting. He selects several of the children through convenience, and asks them open-ended questions that he has written down in advance. He records their responses as they answer the questions. Jeb is best displaying which of the following types of interviews?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unstructured and informal 
B)  Unstructured and formal 
C)  Structured and informal 
D)  Structured and formal

Question 15

Which of the following data collection techniques is most appropriate in order to address a practicing nurse's experiences while in a continuing education session?

Accepted Answer

A)  Observation 
B)  Document analysis 
C)  Interview 
D)  Survey

Question 16

Which of the following is the best ways to increase the confirmability of qualitative research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Practice reflexivity. 
B)  Establish an 'audit' trail. 
C)  Establish referential adequacy. 
D)  Do persistent observation.

Question 17

Field notes should be written

Accepted Answer

A)  in the field during the observation. 
B)  after a time delay to assure reflection. 
C)  as concisely as possible. 
D)  by an assistant not the researcher.

Question 18

The neutrality or objectivity of the data collected refers to which of the following validity criteria for qualitative research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dependability 
B)  Transferability 
C)  Credibility 
D)  Confirmability

Question 19

As a researcher interested in young children's motivation to read, Cynthia works as a volunteer in a pre-kindergarten setting for approximately 6 months as she collects data regarding children's reading motivation. In this scenario, Cynthia is best described as a

Accepted Answer

A)  participant observer. 
B)  nonparticipant observer. 
C)  covert observer. 
D)  experienced observer.

Question 20

Geir is a qualitative researcher interested in studying the role playing games of current children that relate to Nordic heroes. To collect data he goes to afterschool programs that allow a free play period. He observes the children as they play, documenting who they are role playing and the behaviors they engage in as well as how they socially negotiate the script of their play. Geir is best described as a

Accepted Answer

A)  participant observer 
B)  nonparticipant observer 
C)  privileged observer 
D)  covert observer

Exam 19: Qualitative Data Collection