Question 1

The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is _________.The effect of somatic fibers on target cells is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   always excitatory;always excitatory
B)   excitatory or inhibitory;always excitatory
C)   excitatory or inhibitory;excitatory or inhibitory
D)   always inhibitory;excitatory or inhibitory
E)   always inhibitory;always excitatory B

Question 2

Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   changing the diameter of the pupil
B)   adjusting heart rate and force
C)   altering salivary mucus secretion
D)   regulating gastrointestinal motility
E)   maintaining tonicity of the muscles of the neck E

Question 3

The adrenal medulla secretes mostly ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)   norepinephrine (noradrenaline) 
B)   dopamine
C)   endorphins
D)   acetylcholine (ACh) 
E)   epinephrine (adrenaline)  E

Question 4

The sympathetic chain of ganglia is found at the __________ levels of the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A)   cervical and thoracic
B)   thoracic and lumbar
C)   thoracic,lumbar and sacral
D)   sacral,lumbar and coccygeal
E)   cervical,thoracic,lumbar,sacral,and coccygeal

Question 5

Autonomic function receives input from all these except __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   spinal cord
B)   cerebral cortex
C)   hypothalamus
D)   medulla oblongata
E)   somatic branch of the peripheral nervous system

Question 6

In response to high blood pressure,stretch receptors called __________ in the walls of arteries carrying blood to the head,will trigger a reflex that causes the heart to __________ its beats per minute.

Accepted Answer

A)   baroreceptors;decrease
B)   proprioceptors;decrease
C)   baroreceptors;increase
D)   proprioceptors;increase
E)   chemoreceptors;increase

Question 7

Damage to the __________ may affect near vision accommodation.

Accepted Answer

A)   celiac ganglion
B)   oculomotor nerve (CN III) 
C)   facial nerve (CN VII) 
D)   glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) 
E)   cardiac plexus

Question 8

Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sensory receptor → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → efferent nerve fiber → gland
B)   Sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → gland
C)   Sensory receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → gland
D)   Sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → gland
E)   Sensory receptor → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → gland

Question 9

The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial to homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Fibers of the vagus nerve end very near or within their target organs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

White rami carry _________ neurons,while gray rami carry _________ neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)   myelinated postganglionic;unmyelinated preganglionic
B)   unmyelinated postganglionic;myelinated preganglionic
C)   myelinated preganglionic;unmyelinated postganglionic
D)   unmyelinated preganglionic;myelinated postganglionic
E)   myelinated preganglionic;myelinated postganglionic

Question 12

Which of the following structures releases neurotransmitter molecules in a paravertebral ganglion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Preganglionic sympathetic fiber
B)   Postganglionic sympathetic fiber
C)   Somatic motor fiber
D)   Preganglionic parasympathetic fiber
E)   Postganglionic parasympathetic fiber

Question 13

A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a ___________ neuron,and releases the neurotransmitter ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)   preganglionic;acetylcholine (ACh) 
B)   postganglionic;norepinephrine (N
E)  
C)   preganglionic;norepinephrine (N
E)  
D)   postganglionic;acetylcholine (ACh) 
E)   somatic;norepinephrine (N
E)

Question 14

Acetylcholine (ACh)binds to both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Binding of norepinephrine (NE)to an alpha-adrenergic receptor is usually excitatory,and binding to a beta-adrenergic receptor is usually inhibitory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The __________ is an especially important center of autonomic control.

Accepted Answer

A)   pons
B)   medulla oblongata
C)   hypothalamus
D)   midbrain
E)   pituitary gland

Question 17

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the enteric nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)   Its reflex arcs are associated with the spinal cord.
B)   It does not arise from the spinal cord.
C)   It innervates smooth muscle.
D)   It innervates glands.
E)   It does not arise from the brainstem.

Question 18

Which of the following is more effective in producing bronchodilation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Acetylcholine
B)   Nicotine
C)   Muscarine
D)   Norepinephrine
E)   Thyroxine

Question 19

Most fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system travel in the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   vagus
B)   trigeminal
C)   splanchnic
D)   facial
E)   sciatic

Question 20

Muscarinic receptors bind __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   epinephrine
B)   norepinephrine
C)   monoamine oxidase (MAO) 
D)   acetylcholinesterase
E)   acetylcholine

Exam 15: The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Reflexes

The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is _.The effect of somatic fibers on target cells is __.

Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except __________.

The adrenal medulla secretes mostly ___________.

The sympathetic chain of ganglia is found at the __________ levels of the spinal cord.

Autonomic function receives input from all these except __________.

In response to high blood pressure,stretch receptors called in the walls of arteries carrying blood to the head,will trigger a reflex that causes the heart to its beats per minute.

Damage to the __________ may affect near vision accommodation.

Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?

The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial to homeostasis.

Fibers of the vagus nerve end very near or within their target organs.

White rami carry _ neurons,while gray rami carry _ neurons.

Which of the following structures releases neurotransmitter molecules in a paravertebral ganglion?

A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a _ neuron,and releases the neurotransmitter _.

Acetylcholine (ACh)binds to both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.

Binding of norepinephrine (NE)to an alpha-adrenergic receptor is usually excitatory,and binding to a beta-adrenergic receptor is usually inhibitory.

The __________ is an especially important center of autonomic control.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the enteric nervous system?

Which of the following is more effective in producing bronchodilation?

Most fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system travel in the __________.

Muscarinic receptors bind __________.