Question 1

Danielle,an applicant for a position in corporate financial accounting,was so animated and enthusiastic in her conversations with company officials that they decided to hire her without carefully checking her résumé and past work accomplishments.The company officials should most clearly be informed about

Accepted Answer

A)  human factors psychology. 
B)  social leadership. 
C)  the interviewer illusion. 
D)  the experience of flow.

Question 2

Through a task's ups and downs,people best sustain their mood and motivation when they focus on

Accepted Answer

A)  a strengths-based selection system. 
B)  360-degree feedback. 
C)  immediate goals. 
D)  outsourcing.

Question 3

Dr.MacCollum analyzes a job,scripts interview questions,and trains interviewers to ask the same questions,in the same order,to all applicants,rating each applicant on an established scale.Her work best illustrates that of a(n)________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  personnel 
B)  organizational 
C)  human factors 
D)  clinical

Question 4

If given a chance to express their own opinions during a decision-making process,people will respond more positively to the decision.This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  task leadership. 
B)  a voice effect. 
C)  360-degree feedback. 
D)  a strengths-based selection system.

Question 5

Variation is to central tendency as range is to

Accepted Answer

A)  mode. 
B)  bar graph. 
C)  scatterplot. 
D)  correlation.

Question 6

Effective managers often demonstrate ________ levels of task leadership and ________ levels of social leadership.

Accepted Answer

A)  high;low 
B)  low;high 
C)  low;low 
D)  high;high

Question 7

Shauna is a company executive who encourages employees to voice their opinions and to participate in developing workplace rules and production goals.Shauna best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  the experience of flow. 
B)  a democratic leadership style. 
C)  a strengths-based selection system. 
D)  managing by objectives.

Question 8

Psychologists who help design machines so that they make use of our natural perceptions are called

Accepted Answer

A)  clinical psychologists. 
B)  personnel psychologists. 
C)  human factors psychologists. 
D)  organizational psychologists.

Question 9

The most familiar measure of central tendency is the

Accepted Answer

A)  mode. 
B)  mean. 
C)  median. 
D)  standard deviation.

Question 10

Which measure of variation is affected most by a few extreme scores?

Accepted Answer

A)  standard deviation 
B)  mean 
C)  median 
D)  range

Question 11

Which of the following is a statistical measure of the relationship between two variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  standard deviation 
B)  correlation coefficient 
C)  range 
D)  mean

Question 12

The ________ can be a particularly misleading indication of what is average for a ________ distribution of scores.

Accepted Answer

A)  mean;skewed 
B)  median;skewed 
C)  mean;normal 
D)  median;normal

Question 13

The main goal of a career counseling science is to

Accepted Answer

A)  match people to vocations with a good person-environment fit. 
B)  design machines that optimally fit human abilities. 
C)  determine which leadership style is best for eliciting employee engagement. 
D)  design training programs for specific knowledge-related jobs.

Question 14

Six students spent $10,$13,$2,$12,$13,and $4,respectively,on entertainment.The mode of this group's entertainment expenditures is

Accepted Answer

A)  $9. 
B)  $11. 
C)  $12. 
D)  $13.

Question 15

Akira dreamed that a handsome young man she had met the previous day asked her for a date.When he actually did call for a date several days later,Akira concluded that dreams accurately predict future events.Her belief best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  a normal curve. 
B)  an illusory correlation. 
C)  a standard deviation. 
D)  a scatterplot.

Question 16

Cross-sectional research indicated that during early and middle adulthood,aging is associated with ________ levels of intelligence.Longitudinal research indicated that during this period of life,aging is associated with ________ levels of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  stable;declining 
B)  declining;declining 
C)  declining;stable 
D)  increasing;stable

Question 17

Managers with a task-leadership style would be most likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  mediate a conflict between two argumentative employees. 
B)  give employees a high degree of freedom to develop their own work procedures. 
C)  remind employees of the exact deadlines for the completion of work projects. 
D)  avoid closely monitoring the productivity of individual employees.

Question 18

When meeting job applicants,employers often discount the influence of varying situations on applicants' behaviors and presume that what they observe applicants do and say reflects the applicants' enduring personality traits.This most clearly contributes to

Accepted Answer

A)  360-degree feedback. 
B)  the interviewer illusion. 
C)  strengths-based selection systems. 
D)  the experience of flow.

Question 19

The mean of a distribution of scores is the

Accepted Answer

A)  most frequently occurring score. 
B)  arithmetic average of all the scores. 
C)  least frequently occurring score. 
D)  score exceeded by 50 percent of all the scores.

Question 20

A graphed cluster of dots,each of which represents the values of two factors,is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  bar graph. 
B)  scatterplot. 
C)  normal curve. 
D)  correlation coefficient.

Exam 16: Exploring the Role of Industrial-Organizational Psychology