Question 1

A single mother who is experiencing incompatibility within her role,such as dealing with sleep deprivation and spending quality time with her children,may be experiencing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  peer pressure 
B)  resocialization 
C)  role conflict 
D)  role strain

Question 2

In managing impressions,people rarely challenge the credentials of an actor,even when they suspect that a false impression is being created.Which of the following reasons does NOT explain this tendency?

Accepted Answer

A)  All participants shoulder a common responsibility to maintain another's face. 
B)  When actors lose face, the discredited performance is uncomfortable for everyone. 
C)  People feel sorry for others who cannot pull off false impressions. 
D)  There is an implicit bargaining among actors not to question the performances that other people offer.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an example of a given-off gesture?

Accepted Answer

A)  staring at the ceiling while your professor is talking 
B)  packing up your notebook when class should be ending 
C)  glancing at your watch when the professor starts another story 
D)  consciously stifling a laugh when someone walks into the class with toilet paper on his or her shoe

Question 4

In their book Preparing for Power,Cookson and Persell (1985)explore the role that private prep schools play in transmitting power and privilege to the students who attend them.As discussed in your textbook,which is the most important aspect of prep school education?

Accepted Answer

A)  Private prep schools teach kids good manners and etiquette. 
B)  Private prep schools allow students to engage in more upper-class sports and activities. 
C)  Private prep schools link students to important social networks that will benefit them for life. 
D)  Private prep schools prepare students to give back to their communities by engaging in philanthropic pursuits.

Question 5

The sociological significance of roles is that they:

Accepted Answer

A)  dictate the reality of a situation. 
B)  lay out what is expected of people. 
C)  come with clearly defined expectations. 
D)  are identical from one setting to the next.

Question 6

Two young men are on an elevator together.After briefly acknowledging each other's presence,they politely ignore each other for the remainder of the ride.Goffman would refer to this behavior as an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  backstage behavior. 
B)  civic inattention. 
C)  an opening signal. 
D)  a given-off gesture.

Question 7

All of the statuses that an individual occupies at any given time constitute his or her:

Accepted Answer

A)  ascribed status. 
B)  achieved status. 
C)  status set. 
D)  master status.

Question 8

Using dramaturgical theory,why is it more difficult to end a conversation (closing)when on the phone than in person?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is embarrassing to tell someone good-bye on the phone. 
B)  It is impossible for people to see our closing gestures, many of which are nonverbal, when we're on the phone. 
C)  When we're on the phone, we don't want to hurt someone's feelings. 
D)  We are in the backstage when on the phone but in the front stage when in person.

Question 9

According to dramaturgical theory,the primary goal of every social interaction is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  be front (and center) stage. 
B)  make a good impression. 
C)  assume the correct role. 
D)  conform to the script.

Question 10

Most people occupy many statuses at a particular point in time (e.g.,student,son or daughter,employee,citizen).This list of statuses is known as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  ascribed status. 
B)  achieved status. 
C)  status set. 
D)  master status.

Question 11

A recognizable social position that an individual occupies,such as student or professor,is known as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  status. 
B)  role. 
C)  face. 
D)  total institution.

Question 12

An ascribed status is one:

Accepted Answer

A)  that stands out within a status set. 
B)  a person has little or no control over. 
C)  into which one enters. 
D)  that a person works to accomplish.

Question 13

Twitter,texting,and Facebook have changed the way we communicate and have had a profound impact on all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  how we deal with anxiety. 
B)  the nature of social interaction. 
C)  the impression management strategies we use. 
D)  the nature and details of crime.

Question 14

Although there are many agents of socialization,four of the primary ones,according to the textbook,are:

Accepted Answer

A)  television, music, videos, and books. 
B)  schools, the military, colleges, and day care centers. 
C)  peers, religion, sororities, and fraternities. 
D)  family, schools, peers, and media.

Question 15

If your professor asked you to do a breaching experiment,you might do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  ask a stranger for the time 
B)  ask a stranger to tie your shoes 
C)  tell your parents you are going over to a friend's house to study 
D)  tell your best friend that there is something in his or her teeth

Question 16

Harold Garfinkel developed an approach to studying human interaction that focused on how people produce (and maintain)a mutually shared social order.This method was called:

Accepted Answer

A)  dramaturgy. 
B)  ethnomethodology. 
C)  social constructionism. 
D)  dramaturgical analysis.

Question 17

List and give an example of each of the four main agents of socialization.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and give an example of each...

Question 18

Ultimately we hold people responsible for their behavior precisely because they can exercise choice over what they do.This speaks to the limits of socialization that sociologists refer to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  agency. 
B)  cognitive development. 
C)  deviance. 
D)  dysfunctional socialization.

Question 19

According to Goffman,when there is a breach (mistake)in an established script,people generally do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  point out the mistake so they can make others look bad 
B)  point out the mistake so they can feel superior 
C)  work hard to repair the mistake so everyone can move forward 
D)  work hard to repair the mistake only if they know the person really well

Question 20

Cooley's theory of socialization states that the self develops from our interactions with others and their reactions to us.This theory is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  role-playing. 
B)  dramaturgy. 
C)  reflection theory. 
D)  looking glass self theory.

Exam 4: Socialization and the Construction of Reality