Pharyngeal Nerves in Vertebrates Are Much Longer Than the Direct

Multiple Choice

Pharyngeal nerves in vertebrates are much longer than the direct distance from the central nervous system to the target, because they evolved from preexisting structures.As a result, these nerves are not as efficient as they otherwise could be.Which term best explains this phenomenon?

A) Trade-offs
B) Heterozygote deficiency
C) Muller's ratchet
D) Adaptation
E) Developmental constraint