Question 1

Consistency of measurement is indicative of the _______ of a test.

Accepted Answer

A) validity 
B) difficulty 
C) reliability 
D) power

Question 2

Which structure of personality houses one's instincts,according to Freud?

Accepted Answer

A) ego ideal 
B) ego 
C) id 
D) superego

Question 3

Sheila was upset by her boss,so she goes home and beats her children,who in turn kick the dog.This episode is an example of _______.

Accepted Answer

A) displacement 
B) undoing 
C) projection 
D) reaction formation

Question 4

Psychodynamic theorists believe that objective tests are of little use because _________________.

Accepted Answer

A) they are difficult to score 
B) people are not usually aware of the unconscious determinants of their behaviour 
C) they are usually neither valid nor reliable 
D) it is difficult to agree on the meaning of test results

Question 5

In Adler's theory,_______ is the energy behind personality and ________ represents form of personality.

Accepted Answer

A) style of life; striving for superiority 
B) libido; eros 
C) instinct; reality 
D) striving for superiority; style of life

Question 6

_______ is a unique set of behaviours and enduring qualities that influence the way a person adapts to her/his environment.

Accepted Answer

A) Instinct 
B) Personality 
C) Trait 
D) Motivation

Question 7

Picasso's paintings often contained exaggerated sexual symbolism.This way of expressing a basic impulse in a socially praiseworthy fashion illustrates the use of _______.

Accepted Answer

A) displacement 
B) sublimation 
C) projection 
D) reaction formation

Question 8

Which of the following tests has a respondent construct a story about a picture?

Accepted Answer

A) MMPI-2 
B) CPI 
C) Rorschach 
D) TAT

Question 9

According to Freud,_______ is the basic motivation for all human behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) instinct 
B) the striving for self-actualization 
C) the need to know 
D) the desire to become superior

Question 10

The superego is that part of the personality which represents the _______.

Accepted Answer

A) pleasure principle 
B) reality principle 
C) thanatos 
D) conscience

Question 11

What did Freud call the part of the personality that begins to develop at about age 5?

Accepted Answer

A) id 
B) ego 
C) authentic self 
D) superego

Question 12

The stage of personality development that lasts from about age 6 until puberty is known as the _______ stage.

Accepted Answer

A) phallic 
B) anal 
C) genital 
D) latency

Question 13

To assess personality,behaviourists prefer __________.

Accepted Answer

A) observation 
B) interviews 
C) objective tests 
D) projective tests

Question 14

The pleasure principle is to the reality principle as the _______ is to the _______.

Accepted Answer

A) ego; id 
B) id; ego 
C) ego; superego 
D) id; superego

Question 15

Jane is an angry,hostile woman.At work and in her personal life,she is described as an energetic go-getter because she is a workaholic and does a great deal of volunteer work for abused children and women.Jane's behaviour may be an example of which defence mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) sublimation 
B) displacement 
C) reaction formation 
D) projection

Question 16

Which of the following,according to Rogers,is MOST likely to become a fully functioning person?

Accepted Answer

A) someone with a strongly developed superego 
B) someone with an extroverted personality 
C) someone brought up with conditional positive regard 
D) someone brought up with unconditional positive regard

Question 17

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow are ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) behaviourists 
B) psychoanalysts 
C) humanists 
D) cognitivists

Question 18

Which of the following believes that humans have a natural motivation to reach their highest potential?

Accepted Answer

A) Maslow 
B) Skinner 
C) Adler 
D) Jung

Question 19

The latency period lasts from _______ years of age.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 to 3 
B) 3 to 6 
C) 6 to 12 
D) 12 to 18

Question 20

The pattern of characteristic thoughts,feelings,and behaviours that persists over time and situations and distinguishes one person from another is called ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) a trait 
B) a habit 
C) personality 
D) learning

Exam 14: Understanding Human Personality