Question 1

According to Jung,our repressed thoughts,undeveloped ideas,and forgotten experiences are contained in the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

A) persona 
B) archetype 
C) personal unconscious 
D) collective unconscious

Question 2

Freud developed his theory of personality on the basis of:

Accepted Answer

A) carefully controlled experiments. 
B) systematic observations of children. 
C) cross-cultural investigations. 
D) case studies of patients.

Question 3

Which of the following believes humans have a natural motivation to reach their highest potential?

Accepted Answer

A) Maslow 
B) Skinner 
C) Adler 
D) Jung

Question 4

Four-year-old Kevin is in love with his mother,and wants very much to get rid of his father so that he can have his mother all to himself.According to Freud,Kevin is undergoing:

Accepted Answer

A) a regression. 
B) the genital stage. 
C) an Oedipus complex. 
D) all of the above

Question 5

The correct order of Freud's stages of development is:

Accepted Answer

A) anal,oral,phallic,genital,latency. 
B) oral,anal,genital,phallic,latency. 
C) latency,oral,anal,phallic,genital. 
D) oral,anal,phallic,latency,genital.

Question 6

Joe seems to be constantly condemning himself for being bad and "sinful." In psychoanalytic terms,we would say that Joe has an overdeveloped _______.

Accepted Answer

A) libido 
B) id 
C) ego 
D) superego

Question 7

"Becoming what one ought to be" is one way to define _______.

Accepted Answer

A) peak experience 
B) self-actualization 
C) achievement potential 
D) self concept

Question 8

For Allport,a person whose life revolved around one or two themes,such as accumulating wealth and being respected,would be exhibiting what he termed ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) types 
B) secondary traits 
C) central traits 
D) cardinal traits

Question 9

According to social learning theory,a child who pretends she is smoking because she saw her favorite TV star smoking would be learning through ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) reinforcement 
B) punishment 
C) imitation 
D) practice

Question 10

A college student takes a lot of psychology courses so that he will be able to talk about his personal psychological problems in a calm,detached,clinical fashion.He is using the defense mechanism of _______.

Accepted Answer

A) displacement 
B) intellectualization 
C) projection 
D) reaction formation

Question 11

According to Rogers,people brought up with conditional positive regard _______.

Accepted Answer

A) tend to be vain and narcissistic 
B) tend to act as if they were orally fixated 
C) feel valued regardless of their attitudes and behaviors 
D) live lives directed toward what others want and value

Question 12

Jane is an angry,hostile woman.At work and in her personal life,she is described as energetic go-getter because she is a workaholic and does a great deal and does a great deal of volunteer work for abused children and women.Jane's behavior may be an example of which defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) sublimation 
B) displacement 
C) reaction formation 
D) projection

Question 13

The text defines _______ as a unique set of behaviors and enduring qualities that influence the way a person adapts to her/his environment.

Accepted Answer

A) instincts 
B) personality 
C) traits 
D) motivation

Question 14

Which of the following,according to Rogers,is MOST likely to become a fully functioning person?

Accepted Answer

A) someone with a strongly developed superego 
B) someone with an extroverted personality 
C) someone brought up with conditional positive regard 
D) someone brought up with unconditional positive regard

Question 15

The latency period lasts from _______ years of age.

Accepted Answer

A) 1-3 
B) 3-6 
C) 6-12 
D) 12-18

Question 16

An orally fixated person would most likely:

Accepted Answer

A) be an only child. 
B) dislike his or her father. 
C) be a sloppy dresser. 
D) eat and smoke a great deal.

Question 17

Anna is a morally rigorous person who demands that her daughter remain a virgin until she is married.Anna cannot remember her own premarital sexual encounters.Which defense mechanism would likely account for this memory lapse?

Accepted Answer

A) rationalization 
B) denial 
C) repression 
D) projection

Question 18

Unconditional positive regard is most important to _______.

Accepted Answer

A) Freud 
B) Jung 
C) Maslow 
D) Rogers

Question 19

The most famous humanistic psychologist was _______.

Accepted Answer

A) Rogers 
B) Skinner 
C) Maslow 
D) Adler

Question 20

___________________theory emphasizes that humans are positively motivated and progress toward higher levels of functioning.

Accepted Answer

A) Humanistic 
B) Psychoanalytic 
C) Social learning 
D) Trait

Exam 14: Theories of Personality