Question 1

A specifiable aspect of a given concept is referred to as an ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  dimension 
B)  concept 
C)  construct 
D)  observable

Question 2

Two observers watch the same child on the playground and rate the amount of aggression shown by the child using a standardized instrument. Comparison of the observers' scores will measure ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  face validity 
B)  interrater reliability 
C)  split-half reliability 
D)  construct validity

Question 3

A researcher is developing a measure of the impact of living in high-crime neighborhoods and, in assessing its reliability administers it to the same people on two occasions several weeks apart. The researcher is assessing ____ reliability.

Accepted Answer

A)  test-retest 
B)  inter-rater 
C)  split-half 
D)  face

Question 4

A conceptual definition ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  focuses our observational strategy 
B)  directly produces observations 
C)  states the essential nature of some entity 
D)  sets the level of measurement

Question 5

_______________ validity refers to whether a measure accurately reflects the common agreements on concepts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______________ validity refers to whether a measure...

Question 6

An _______________ measure combines multiple indicators to yield a single measure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An _______________ measure combines multiple indicators to...

Question 7

The words or symbols in language used to illustrate subjective thoughts or mental images about things we may encounter in daily life are known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  operations 
B)  concepts 
C)  observations 
D)  measurements

Question 8

What level of measurement allows you to arrange attributes from greater than to less than, but does not allow you to tell how much greater or how much less than one attribute is from another?

Accepted Answer

A)  nominal 
B)  ordinal 
C)  interval 
D)  ratio

Question 9

A researcher wants to measure attitudes towards gun control by asking people whether they would be worried about traveling to areas where there are known to be a lot of illegal guns. Critics argue that the conceptualization does not really look as though it is related to attitudes about gun control, in other words, that it lacks ____ validity.

Accepted Answer

A)  face 
B)  construct 
C)  convergent 
D)  criterion-related

Question 10

Crimes must, at a minimum, have an offender, because without an offender there is no crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Compare and contrast UCR and NCVS with respect to the type of crime data they collect and how they collect it. Identify the strengths and weaknesses of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast UCR and NCVS with...

Question 12

Identify the four levels of measurement and give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the four levels of measurement and...

Question 13

Loeber's "dynamic classification of offenders" is a typology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Concepts are _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  empirical measurements 
B)  variables 
C)  mental images 
D)  hypotheses

Question 15

A definition that says exactly how a concept will be measured is an _______________ definition.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A definition that says exactly how a...

Question 16

The primary difference between the interval and the ratio level of variables is that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  interval is rarely used 
B)  with ratio, there is an absolute meaning of zero 
C)  with interval, there is an absolute meaning of zero 
D)  ratio level is on a true zero point, while interval level is not

Question 17

Which levels of measurement allow for attributes to be placed on a continuum with equal distance between points?

Accepted Answer

A)  nominal and ordinal 
B)  ordinal and interval 
C)  interval and ratio 
D)  ordinal, interval, and ratio

Question 18

An _______________ is produced by the intersection of two or more variables to create a set of categories.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An _______________ is produced by the intersection...

Question 19

To have scientific utility, a variable should be ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  meaningful and valuable 
B)  exhaustive and thorough 
C)  exhaustive and mutually exclusive 
D)  operational definition and meaning

Question 20

Define and discuss test-retest and interrater reliability.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define and discuss test-retest and interrater reliability....

Exam 4: Section 1: Concepts, Operationalization, and Measurement