Question 1

Imagine that the first car you learned to drive was a manual transmission with a clutch, but the car you drive now is an automatic. Sometimes you find yourself reaching for the clutch that is no longer there. This example illustrates ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  retroactive interference 
B)  proactive interference 
C)  retrograde amnesia 
D)  anterograde amnesia

Question 2

Which of the following might be the most appropriate analogy for eidetic imagery?

Accepted Answer

A)  a table 
B)  a modem 
C)  a rainbow 
D)  a photograph

Question 3

In anterograde amnesia, memory for anything new becomes impossible, although old memories may still be retrievable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Bits of information are combined into meaningful units so that more information can be held in short-term memory through the process of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  chunking 
B)  categorizing 
C)  rote rehearsal 
D)  cueing

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT an example of long-term memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  identifying a perfume as that worn by your grandmother 20 years ago 
B)  repeating an address after it was told to you 
C)  repeating a poem learned in nursery school 
D)  remembering how to ride a bike

Question 6

Which of these individuals is the most typical person involved in a case in which memories of past childhood abuse are recalled later in life?

Accepted Answer

A)  thirty-year-old Charlotte, who sought therapy for anxiety, depression, and recent weight gain with a therapist who uses hypnosis 
B)  thirty-year-old Steve, who sought therapy for symptoms that developed after serving in Desert Storm 
C)  ten-year-old Willard, who was referred by a pediatrician for symptoms that appear to meet the diagnostic criteria for hyperactivity 
D)  fifty-year-old Agnes, who fell, hit her head, and suddenly began remembering that her brother abused her sexually when she was eight years old

Question 7

The processes of encoding, storage, and retrieval are seen as part of ________ model of memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  the information processing 
B)  the top-down storage 
C)  the classical conditioning 
D)  Tolman's cognitive

Question 8

Loss of memory from the point of injury or illness forward is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  anterograde amnesia 
B)  retrograde amnesia 
C)  consolidation 
D)  infantile amnesia

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of episodic memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  words 
B)  concepts 
C)  symbols 
D)  events

Question 10

Your memory of the moment you heard about the shooting of police officers in Dallas, TX in 2016 would be most appropriately termed a(n) ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  episodic 
B)  autobiographical 
C)  flashbulb 
D)  repressed

Question 11

When the sound of the word is the aspect that cannot be retrieved, leaving only the feeling of knowing the word without the ability to pronounce it, this is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  encoding failure 
B)  extinction of acoustic storage 
C)  auditory decay 
D)  the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon

Question 12

Memory trace decay theory can explain forgetting from sensory memory and short-term memory but does not adequately explain forgetting from long-term memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Declarative memory can be divided into short-term memory and working memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Steve was recalling his first day in college, including walking into the wrong class, dropping his books as he left, and the long line at the registrar's office he encountered when he had to switch classes. These memories are examples of:

Accepted Answer

A)  semantic memory. 
B)  implicit memory. 
C)  procedural memory. 
D)  episodic memory.

Question 15

Iconic memory and echoic memory represent what many theorists call:

Accepted Answer

A)  precepts. 
B)  imaginal systems. 
C)  sensory memory systems. 
D)  rapid retrieval systems.

Question 16

The memory for events and facts related to one's personal life story is called ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  autobiographical 
B)  interferent 
C)  declarative 
D)  nondeclarative

Question 17

Ebbinghaus found that information is forgotten ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  more rapidly as time goes by 
B)  gradually at first, then with increasing speed 
C)  quickly at first, then tapers off gradually 
D)  most quickly one day after learning

Question 18

A psychologist asks people to recall the name of their kindergarten teacher. Surprisingly, the majority of people correctly do this and comment, "Gee whiz, I haven't thought about that old bat [or old coot] in years!" Their ability to do so tends to conflict with which theory of forgetting?

Accepted Answer

A)  interference theory 
B)  decay or disuse 
C)  encoding failure 
D)  retroactive interference

Question 19

One feature of the Atkinson and Shiffrin model of memory is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  important information can bypass short-term memory and go from sensory directly into long-term. 
B)  important information can bypass sensory memory and go directly to long-term. 
C)  all information going into long-term memory must first pass through both sensory store and short-term memory. 
D)  information can bypass sensory memory and go directly to short-term memory.

Question 20

Long ago, during the early days of television, when a television set was turned off it took a while for the last image that was on the screen to fade away. This phenomenon is most like ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  iconic 
B)  echoic 
C)  short-term 
D)  long-term

Exam 6: Memory

Imagine that the first car you learned to drive was a manual transmission with a clutch, but the car you drive now is an automatic. Sometimes you find yourself reaching for the clutch that is no longer there. This example illustrates ________.

Which of the following might be the most appropriate analogy for eidetic imagery?

In anterograde amnesia, memory for anything new becomes impossible, although old memories may still be retrievable.

Bits of information are combined into meaningful units so that more information can be held in short-term memory through the process of ________.

Which of the following is NOT an example of long-term memory?

Which of these individuals is the most typical person involved in a case in which memories of past childhood abuse are recalled later in life?

The processes of encoding, storage, and retrieval are seen as part of ________ model of memory.

Loss of memory from the point of injury or illness forward is called ________.

Which of the following is an example of episodic memory?

Your memory of the moment you heard about the shooting of police officers in Dallas, TX in 2016 would be most appropriately termed a(n) ________ memory.

When the sound of the word is the aspect that cannot be retrieved, leaving only the feeling of knowing the word without the ability to pronounce it, this is known as ________.

Memory trace decay theory can explain forgetting from sensory memory and short-term memory but does not adequately explain forgetting from long-term memory.

Declarative memory can be divided into short-term memory and working memory.

Steve was recalling his first day in college, including walking into the wrong class, dropping his books as he left, and the long line at the registrar's office he encountered when he had to switch classes. These memories are examples of:

Iconic memory and echoic memory represent what many theorists call:

The memory for events and facts related to one's personal life story is called ________ memory.

Ebbinghaus found that information is forgotten ________.

A psychologist asks people to recall the name of their kindergarten teacher. Surprisingly, the majority of people correctly do this and comment, "Gee whiz, I haven't thought about that old bat [or old coot] in years!" Their ability to do so tends to conflict with which theory of forgetting?

One feature of the Atkinson and Shiffrin model of memory is that:

Long ago, during the early days of television, when a television set was turned off it took a while for the last image that was on the screen to fade away. This phenomenon is most like ________ memory.