Question 1

On a fixed-interval schedule,reinforcement is given ________.

Accepted Answer

A) for the first correct response after a specific amount of time has passed 
B) for correct responses after randomly varying amounts of time have passed 
C) after a specific number of responses are given 
D) after a randomly varying number of responses are given

Question 2

Which of the following is a conditioned positive reinforcer?

Accepted Answer

A) money 
B) sex 
C) food 
D) warmth

Question 3

The type of learning that involves a sudden coming together of the elements of a situation so that the solution to a problem is instantly clear is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive mapping 
B) vicarious learning 
C) latent learning 
D) insight

Question 4

The process of presenting the conditioned stimulus alone so often that the learner no longer associates it with the unconditioned stimulus and stops making the conditioned response is called _______.

Accepted Answer

A) extinction 
B) generalization 
C) spontaneous recovery 
D) shaping

Question 5

An automatic,innate,and involuntary response to an environmental events is an ________.

Accepted Answer

A) UR 
B) reflexive response 
C) unconditioned response 
D) all of the above

Question 6

Wearing sunglasses ALL THE TIME because people tell you they make you look "irresistible" is an example of which of the types of punishment and reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A) aversive punishment 
B) negative reinforcement 
C) positive reinforcement 
D) response cost

Question 7

Mary arrives home to find her son washing the dirty dishes left from his party the night before.When she discovers his first-semester grade report on the table and sees that he got straight A's,Mary rewards him by relieving him of the unpleasant task of finishing the dishes.Which operant process does the example illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A) positive reinforcement 
B) negative reinforcement 
C) extinction 
D) punishment

Question 8

Who was Little Albert?

Accepted Answer

A) developer of the concept of classical conditioning 
B) an animal trained by using operant conditioning procedures 
C) creator of methods for teaching children 
D) a child who developed a fear as part of a demonstration of classical conditioning

Question 9

The learning process studied in the Skinner box is known as:

Accepted Answer

A) social learning. 
B) higher-order conditioning. 
C) cognitive learning. 
D) operant conditioning.

Question 10

An animal is placed in a box with a bar and also a wire floor that can deliver a mild shock.The experimenter first sounds a buzzer,then a few seconds later turns on the shock.Pressing the bar after the buzzer sounds but before the shock is delivered will prevent the shock from occurring.This is an example of __________ .

Accepted Answer

A) avoidance training 
B) modeling 
C) classical conditioning 
D) punishment learning

Question 11

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Whenever Bobby smelled Chanel #5,he began to breathe faster.Sue's kiss was the:

Accepted Answer

A) UCS. 
B) UCR. 
C) CS. 
D) CR.

Question 12

Many individuals decide that they feel hungry and eat lunch when they see both hands of the clock on the 12,indicating that it is noontime.This may occur regardless of how recently they ate breakfast.In this example,the conditioned response is:

Accepted Answer

A) the act of eating breakfast. 
B) the act of eating lunch. 
C) the counting of the number of hours since breakfast. 
D) the watching of the hands of the clock.

Question 13

According to the law of effect,a behavior is MOST likely to be stamped in,or repeated,when it is __________ .

Accepted Answer

A) ignored 
B) preceded by reinforcement 
C) followed by reinforcement 
D) accompanied by a neutral stimulus

Question 14

A person receiving a monthly salary is on a:

Accepted Answer

A) continuous reinforcement schedule. 
B) fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement. 
C) fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement. 
D) variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement.

Question 15

Putting on sunglasses to relieve glare is an example of which of the types of punishment and reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A) aversive punishment 
B) negative reinforcement 
C) positive reinforcement 
D) response cost

Question 16

Lila doesn't like her psychology class because the instructor uses unannounced pop exams to test the class.As a result,she never knows when she will be tested.Her instructor is testing her on a __________ schedule.

Accepted Answer

A) fixed-ratio 
B) fixed-interval 
C) variable-ratio 
D) variable-interval

Question 17

The process of presenting the conditioned stimulus alone so often that the learner no longer associates it with the unconditioned stimulus and stops making the conditioned response is called _________ .

Accepted Answer

A) extinction 
B) generalization 
C) spontaneous recovery 
D) shaping

Question 18

Thorndike's main apparatus in his operant conditioning research was:

Accepted Answer

A) a wire monkey. 
B) a cognitive map. 
C) a puzzle box. 
D) a buzzer.

Question 19

A camp leader repeatedly hugs a camper after she helps her friend.Each time,the camper is embarrassed and shies away from future acts of assistance.In the example,"Hugging the camper" is _______.

Accepted Answer

A) a positive reinforcer 
B) a primary reinforcer 
C) a punishment 
D) none of the above

Question 20

The Law of Effect was proposed by:

Accepted Answer

A) Titchener. 
B) Watson. 
C) Skinner. 
D) Thorndike.

Exam 5: Learning

On a fixed-interval schedule,reinforcement is given ________.

Which of the following is a conditioned positive reinforcer?

The type of learning that involves a sudden coming together of the elements of a situation so that the solution to a problem is instantly clear is __________.

The process of presenting the conditioned stimulus alone so often that the learner no longer associates it with the unconditioned stimulus and stops making the conditioned response is called _______.

An automatic,innate,and involuntary response to an environmental events is an ________.

Wearing sunglasses ALL THE TIME because people tell you they make you look "irresistible" is an example of which of the types of punishment and reinforcement?

Who was Little Albert?

The learning process studied in the Skinner box is known as:

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Whenever Bobby smelled Chanel #5,he began to breathe faster.Sue's kiss was the:

Many individuals decide that they feel hungry and eat lunch when they see both hands of the clock on the 12,indicating that it is noontime.This may occur regardless of how recently they ate breakfast.In this example,the conditioned response is:

According to the law of effect,a behavior is MOST likely to be stamped in,or repeated,when it is __________ .

A person receiving a monthly salary is on a:

Putting on sunglasses to relieve glare is an example of which of the types of punishment and reinforcement?

Lila doesn't like her psychology class because the instructor uses unannounced pop exams to test the class.As a result,she never knows when she will be tested.Her instructor is testing her on a __________ schedule.

The process of presenting the conditioned stimulus alone so often that the learner no longer associates it with the unconditioned stimulus and stops making the conditioned response is called _________ .

Thorndike's main apparatus in his operant conditioning research was:

A camp leader repeatedly hugs a camper after she helps her friend.Each time,the camper is embarrassed and shies away from future acts of assistance.In the example,"Hugging the camper" is _______.

The Law of Effect was proposed by: