Question 1

When developmental researchers consider periods of development arranged according to age, they are taking which type of approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  traditional 
B)  scientific 
C)  chronological 
D)  transitional

Question 2

The participants in the "Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study" were:

Accepted Answer

A)  children born with birth defects 
B)  children born to single-parent, economically poor mothers or fathers 
C)  married and unmarried couples who had just had their first baby 
D)  teachers working in school districts where most of the children were defined as "at risk"

Question 3

Erik Erikson proposed that a person who was focused on resolving the conflict between developing trust versus mistrust would likely be about how old?

Accepted Answer

A)  birth to age 1 year 
B)  age 6-12 years 
C)  age 3-6 years 
D)  age 12-18 years

Question 4

Erik Erikson's view of development, like Freud's, emphasized the idea that the most important aspects of human development are completed in the first five years of life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

According to Piaget, a mental category or structure is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  scheme 
B)  model 
C)  system 
D)  theory

Question 6

The sociocultural domain is comprised of:

Accepted Answer

A)  ethnocentrism and socialization 
B)  enculturation and assimilation 
C)  evolution and accommodation 
D)  socialization and enculturation

Question 7

Piaget's theory of cognitive development suggests that children start out in life relying primarily on their senses and bodily motion. This stage is referred to as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  preoperational 
B)  formal operational 
C)  concrete operational 
D)  sensorimotor

Question 8

What is the correct developmental sequence of Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stages?

Accepted Answer

A)  oral, genital, anal, latency, phallic 
B)  oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital 
C)  genital, phallic, latency, anal, oral 
D)  oral, latency, phallic, anal, genital

Question 9

According to the text, about what percent of U. S. parents spank their children, at least occasionally:

Accepted Answer

A)  2-3% 
B)  10% 
C)  40% 
D)  80%

Question 10

A "discrete period of the lifespan during which predictable changes occur" is referred to as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  developmental stage 
B)  transitional phase 
C)  developmental epoch 
D)  critical period

Question 11

Gloria plans to spend a semester abroad in Thailand. She looks forward to learning about the culture by reading books, studying about the culture and religions, and interviewing people she meets. Her form of learning is best considered to be an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitation 
B)  socialization 
C)  natural selection 
D)  interpretation

Question 12

A child attempts to carry out a stunt involving a skateboard and a ramp that he has seen on television. The child's knowledge about how to do this stunt was most likely acquired through which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  accommodation 
B)  social learning 
C)  assimilation 
D)  apprenticeship

Question 13

A screening committee rejected a research proposal to study frustration in children because the method involved exposing 5-year-olds to repeated failure on a series of highly difficult tasks. The committee's decision to reject this study reflected their concern about which ethical principle?

Accepted Answer

A)  informed consent 
B)  privacy 
C)  beneficial treatments 
D)  protection from harm

Question 14

In a naturalistic observation, the researcher watches individuals as they act in real life, rather than in a laboratory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A researcher investigating the effect of peer tutoring on reading skills studies two groups of children in remedial reading classes. One group receives peer tutoring three times a week for three months, the other group does not. At the end of the three months, the two groups are tested in reading skills. What is the dependent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  peer tutoring versus no tutoring 
B)  reading skills level at the beginning of the experiment 
C)  reading skills level at the end of the experiment 
D)  the number of children in each group

Question 16

Evolution refers in general to the process through which species change across generations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

His research design is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  a sequential-cohort design 
B)  a cross-sectional design 
C)  a longitudinal design 
D)  a correlational design

Question 18

When a researcher finds a positive correlation between the amount of violent TV watched by school children and the number of violent outbursts by these same children, the researcher can safely conclude that TV viewing directly caused the violent outbursts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Generalizing from the text, you would expect that culture would have the greatest impact on development during which of the following developmental periods?

Accepted Answer

A)  infancy 
B)  toddlerhood 
C)  early childhood 
D)  adolescence

Question 20

In the United States today, about what percentage of the states have enacted laws that ban the use of corporal punishment in public schools?

Accepted Answer

A)  98% 
B)  78% 
C)  62% 
D)  32%

Exam 1: Understanding Human Development

When developmental researchers consider periods of development arranged according to age, they are taking which type of approach?

The participants in the "Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study" were:

Erik Erikson proposed that a person who was focused on resolving the conflict between developing trust versus mistrust would likely be about how old?

Erik Erikson's view of development, like Freud's, emphasized the idea that the most important aspects of human development are completed in the first five years of life.

According to Piaget, a mental category or structure is called a(n) :

The sociocultural domain is comprised of:

Piaget's theory of cognitive development suggests that children start out in life relying primarily on their senses and bodily motion. This stage is referred to as which of the following?

What is the correct developmental sequence of Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stages?

According to the text, about what percent of U. S. parents spank their children, at least occasionally:

A "discrete period of the lifespan during which predictable changes occur" is referred to as a:

Gloria plans to spend a semester abroad in Thailand. She looks forward to learning about the culture by reading books, studying about the culture and religions, and interviewing people she meets. Her form of learning is best considered to be an example of:

A child attempts to carry out a stunt involving a skateboard and a ramp that he has seen on television. The child's knowledge about how to do this stunt was most likely acquired through which of the following processes?

A screening committee rejected a research proposal to study frustration in children because the method involved exposing 5-year-olds to repeated failure on a series of highly difficult tasks. The committee's decision to reject this study reflected their concern about which ethical principle?

In a naturalistic observation, the researcher watches individuals as they act in real life, rather than in a laboratory.

Evolution refers in general to the process through which species change across generations.

His research design is an example of:

When a researcher finds a positive correlation between the amount of violent TV watched by school children and the number of violent outbursts by these same children, the researcher can safely conclude that TV viewing directly caused the violent outbursts.

Generalizing from the text, you would expect that culture would have the greatest impact on development during which of the following developmental periods?

In the United States today, about what percentage of the states have enacted laws that ban the use of corporal punishment in public schools?