As a Result of Shared Medical Decision Making, a Patient

Multiple Choice

As a result of shared medical decision making, a patient undergoes a surgical procedure that results in paralysis. What must the patient prove to bring a successful malpractice suit based on informed consent?

A) The patient had no part in the decision to operate.
B) The procedure's known risk of paralysis was not explained to the patient.
C) Since the decision making was shared, no malpractice suit is possible.
D) It was the procedure that caused the harm.
E) That the amount of damage to the patient cannot be determined.