Question 1

The synapse is defined as the space between:

Accepted Answer

A) the soma of one neuron and the axon on another. 
B) the vesicle of one neuron and the axon terminal of another. 
C) the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another. 
D) the dendrite of one neuron and the soma of another.

Question 2

Much of what we know about the neurological basis of long-term memory comes from laboratory studies of:

Accepted Answer

A) octopi. 
B) sea slugs. 
C) amoeba. 
D) Betta splendens.

Question 3

If presented with similar but misleading information about an event during participants' recollection of the event,participants are then more likely to incorporate the misleading information into their future accounts of the event.This is probably due to the fact that the misleading information was presented closely in time with the _____ of the event.

Accepted Answer

A) consolidation 
B) reconsolidation 
C) encoding 
D) rehearsal

Question 4

The tendency to incorporate misleading information from outside sources into personal recall of events is called:

Accepted Answer

A) false recognition. 
B) suggestibility. 
C) retroactive interference. 
D) source memory.

Question 5

The BEST example of the use of a retrieval cue is:

Accepted Answer

A) learning the material so thoroughly that it can be easily retrieved at a moment's notice. 
B) sitting in your usual desk in your usual classroom when taking an exam. 
C) using memory drugs to enhance neural processing. 
D) drinking coffee while studying.

Question 6

Claudia recalls that Henry Kissinger was President Nixon's secretary of state,but she was not alive during the Nixon administration and she has no clue if she learned the information in school,in a book,or on the news.Claudia is experiencing a failure of _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

A) semantic 
B) prospective 
C) source 
D) implicit

Question 7

Memories lose specificity over time;a fact associated with the _____ of memory.

Accepted Answer

A) generality 
B) misattribution 
C) suggestibility 
D) transience

Question 8

A business executive was so occupied with a potential merger that she completely forgot about a meeting she had scheduled for that afternoon with a new client.This illustrates _____ due to a failure in _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

A) absentmindedness;source 
B) transience;source 
C) transience;prospective 
D) absentmindedness;prospective

Question 9

Roger is using rehearsal to remember a telephone number.Each time he repeats the numbers,he is "reentering" the information into his short-term memory,thus adding about _____ to the shelf life.

Accepted Answer

A) 15 to 20 seconds 
B) 60 seconds 
C) 20 to 30 minutes 
D) 1 hour

Question 10

As illustrated by the study in which people first imagined and then falsely remembered spilling punch all over the bride's parents at a wedding,_____ plays a large role in the formation of false memories.

Accepted Answer

A) state-dependent retrieval 
B) visual imagery 
C) misattribution 
D) flashbulb memory

Question 11

Angelika studies a set of pictures.The next day,she is asked to provide details about the pictures.Which brain structures are MOST responsible for her accurate recall?

Accepted Answer

A) the left frontal lobe and the occipital lobe 
B) the left frontal lobe and the right temporal lobe 
C) the hippocampus and the occipital lobe 
D) the hippocampus and the right temporal lobe

Question 12

Michelle,whose first language is Spanish,is currently learning French in college.When she goes to see her Spanish-speaking grandmother,she inserts French words into her Spanish.Michelle is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

A) proactive interference. 
B) blocking. 
C) retroactive interference. 
D) transfer-appropriate processing.

Question 13

Short-term memory is to working memory as:

Accepted Answer

A) structure as to dynamic process. 
B) sensation is to attending. 
C) dynamic process is to place. 
D) frontal lobe is to temporal lobe.

Question 14

Clara is in a sad mood.She is asked to recall an event in her past that was relatively neutral-her performance in a junior-high history class in which she earned a B-and she recalls it being a sadder experience than it probably was.The influence of Clara's current mood on her memory illustrates the memory sin of:

Accepted Answer

A) transience. 
B) bias. 
C) suggestibility. 
D) misattribution.

Question 15

Angus is asked to list his last three addresses on a job application.He writes his current address but momentarily blanks on his previous addresses because his current address keeps popping into mind.Angus is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

A) anterograde amnesia. 
B) proactive interference. 
C) retroactive interference. 
D) absentmindedness.

Question 16

Tara,a professional ice skater,struggles to remember the names of the various people she meets as part of her job but has no problem remembering elaborate skating routines.This illustrates the difference between explicit and _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

A) episodic 
B) flashbulb 
C) procedural 
D) semantic

Question 17

Forty-year-old Renard suffered a traumatic brain injury that injured his hippocampus.He is LEAST likely to forget:

Accepted Answer

A) what he ate for breakfast that day. 
B) the name of his first girlfriend. 
C) whether or not he paid his bills last week. 
D) a work deadline he must meet by tomorrow.

Question 18

Kandel and colleagues repeatedly stimulated the tail of an Aplysia with a mild electric shock.They then successfully produced a long-term memory in the Aplysia by demonstrating that the gill:

Accepted Answer

A) no longer contracted with another tail stimulation conducted a few seconds after the first series of stimulations. 
B) contracted after a single tail stimulation conducted days after the repeated stimulations. 
C) failed to contract after a single tail stimulation conducted weeks after the repeated stimulations. 
D) contracted with each successive tail stimulation conducted seconds apart.

Question 19

The enhanced ability to think about a word or object due to a recent exposure to that same word or object is called:

Accepted Answer

A) priming. 
B) episodic memory. 
C) semantic memory. 
D) procedural memory.

Question 20

While sitting at the kitchen table,Jenna thought of an extremely funny joke.She walked into the living room to call her best friend,Cynthia.Unfortunately,on her way there,she forgot the punch line of the joke.To help herself remember,she went back to the kitchen table and remembered the line.What helped jog Jenna's memory?

Accepted Answer

A) chunking 
B) maintenance rehearsal 
C) encoding specificity 
D) the flashbulb effect

Exam 6: Memory-Part A