Question 1

Brittany often engages in the kind of thought in which she argues both sides of a question, pointing out the "pros" and "cons" of the situation. Her focus on trying to integrate opposing points of view and conflicting aspects of situations comes closest to thought that is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   formal operational thinking
B)   postformal thought
C)   normative thought
D)   dialectical thought D

Question 2

The primary developmental tasks of early adulthood according to Havighurst are to establish a family and find a career.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

The central focus of Roger Gould's model of transformations of adulthood is:

Accepted Answer

A)   career development
B)   family transitions
C)   love relationships
D)   cognitive development D

Question 4

Suppose that the world record winning time for the half-marathon was 1 hour 10 minutes in 1900. If the world's fastest 60-year-olds ran a half-marathon race today, what would you expect the winning time would be?

Accepted Answer

A)   2 hours 20 minutes
B)   2 hour 0 minutes
C)   1 hour 50 minutes
D)   1 hour 10 minutes

Question 5

Homophobia is not a true phobia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Gould conceptualized the period of adulthood as one in which individuals need to challenge and resolve a series of "false assumptions," such as "I'll always belong to my parents and believe in their world."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

How well a person adapts to environmental demands is most important to the concept captured by which of the following terms?

Accepted Answer

A)   chronological age
B)   social age
C)   psychological age
D)   biological age

Question 8

Generalizing from race times reported in the text for marathon races, if the world record time for the women's half-marathon was 1 hour 20 minutes in 1900, what would you expect the world record time for women to be today for this race?

Accepted Answer

A)   1 hour 40 minutes
B)   1 hour 20 minutes
C)   1 hour 15 minutes
D)   45 minutes

Question 9

Jonathon tells his best friend: "I'm going to accept a job offer from a start-up technology company, but if that doesn't work out, I'm sure my parents will bail me out and I can always join the family business." Generalizing from Gould's theory, if Jonathon is typical for people his age, he is most likely about:

Accepted Answer

A)   age 18
B)   age 25
C)   age 36
D)   age 48

Question 10

The prejudice, fear, and aversion held by individuals and directed against lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals is called what?

Accepted Answer

A)   homophobia
B)   agoraphobia
C)   xenophobia
D)   heterophobia

Question 11

Sexual orientation is best thought of as being:

Accepted Answer

A)   "either-or," that is, a person has either a same-sex or an opposite-sex orientation
B)   the result of biological causes
C)   the result of social and psychological causes
D)   a continuum, with individuals varying in the degree to which they have same-sex and opposite-sex preferences

Question 12

According to research presented in the text, what percentage of second-year medical students were found to endorse the belief that homosexuality is a mental disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)   4%
B)   9%
C)   19%
D)   27%

Question 13

As Shelly gets older, she is better able to work productively with people she doesn't like or doesn't respect. This ability is most central to which of the following concepts?

Accepted Answer

A)   formal operations
B)   emotional intelligence
C)   postformal thought
D)   dialectical thought

Question 14

Ernest, a 50-year-old man, bar hops every night in search of one-night stands - a behavior more commonly associated with much younger men in their 20s. To say that Ernest acts like a man who is 25 emphasizes the concept of:

Accepted Answer

A)   chronological age
B)   biological age
C)   social age
D)   psychological age

Question 15

According to the text, in comparison with earlier times, the death of a child today is _____ traumatic because____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   more; so many fewer children die in childhood
B)   less; so many fewer children die in childhood
C)   more; so many more children die in childhood
D)   less; families typically have many fewer children

Question 16

A person who is sexually attracted to both males and females is called which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   homosexual person
B)   heterosexual person
C)   bisexual person
D)   hermaphrodite person

Question 17

Suppose that Jim wants to become a professional golfer. He should plan to achieve his best game at about what age?

Accepted Answer

A)   age 16
B)   age 18
C)   age 24
D)   age 30

Question 18

According to Havighurst, selecting a mate and rearing children are tasks of:

Accepted Answer

A)   late adulthood
B)   later maturity
C)   middle age
D)   early adulthood

Question 19

Suppose you administer a survey about sexual activity to married couples who are either African American, Hispanic, or white. What results should you expect, if these couples' responses reflect population trends in the U.S. today?

Accepted Answer

A)   African American couples will report having sex much more frequently than the other two groups.
B)   Hispanic couples will report having sex much more frequently than the other two groups.
C)   White couples will report having sex much more frequently than the other two groups.
D)   All couples will report having sex with about the same frequency.

Question 20

At present, there is no cure for which of the following diseases?

Accepted Answer

A)   herpes
B)   syphilis
C)   gonorrhea
D)   chlamydia

Exam 12: Young Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development