Question 1

In the number sequence 1 1 2 3 4 5, which number is the mode?

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 3 
C) 1 
D) 2

Question 2

In an experiment, researchers exposed half the children to 2 hours of violence on television every day for a month and made sure the other half saw no violence on television at all. At the end of the month, they measured the level of aggressiveness in the children. What were the children who weren't exposed to any violence on television?

Accepted Answer

A) dependent variable 
B) independent variable 
C) control group 
D) experimental group

Question 3

Researchers wanted to see if adults were actually afraid of the dark by exposing them to different levels of light in a room while measuring their heart rates. In this experiment, what are the heart rates of the participants?

Accepted Answer

A) dependent variable 
B) independent variable 
C) control group 
D) experimental group

Question 4

Mike wants to know how many licks it takes to get to the center of his all-day sucker. He tells his friends that "one full gyration of the tongue around the outer surface of the lollipop" is what constitutes a "lick." In an informal way, Mike is offering a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) way to use casual observation to answer his question. 
B) way to eliminate the reactivity sometimes associated with observation. 
C) operational definition for the property he wants to measure. 
D) excuse for eating a lot of candy.

Question 5

Research has shown that there is a correlation between the amount of violence a child sees on TV and the aggressiveness of the child's behavior. One explanation of this correlation is that children who watch a great deal of violence on television have a lack of adult supervision. This explanation is an example of what kind of correlation?

Accepted Answer

A) matched sample 
B) matched pair 
C) positive 
D) third-variable

Question 6

The ethical principle of _____ means that participants must be told the true purpose and nature of an experiment after it is over.

Accepted Answer

A) informed consent 
B) debriefing 
C) protection from harm 
D) freedom from coercion

Question 7

Dr. Sardonicus learned of a woman whose tongue turned a bright shade of green whenever she felt stressed. Although this is a rare event in the general population, Dr. Sardonicus nonetheless interviewed the woman at great length and made detailed observations about her behavior. Dr. Sardonicus used _____ to gather data.

Accepted Answer

A) averaging 
B) the case method 
C) random sampling 
D) the law of large numbers

Question 8

All of these are features of an internally valid experiment EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) an independent variable is manipulated. 
B) a valid, powerful, reliable measure is used for the dependent variable. 
C) a correlation is observed between the independent and dependent variables. 
D) the experimental and control groups differ on at least one third variable.

Question 9

Researchers wanted to see if adults were actually afraid of the dark by exposing them to different levels of light in a room while measuring their heart rates. In this experiment, what are the different levels of light?

Accepted Answer

A) dependent variable 
B) independent variable 
C) control group 
D) experimental group

Question 10

A double-blind study:

Accepted Answer

A) necessarily has sufficient power to detect group differences. 
B) usually lacks reliability. 
C) minimizes expectancy effects. 
D) cannot be used to determine cause and effect.

Question 11

A _____ correlation is associated with a less-is-more relationship.

Accepted Answer

A) negative 
B) positive 
C) strong 
D) weak

Question 12

Five extremely tall members of the college basketball team are among 30 students in an introductory psychology class. If a frequency distribution is taken of height, the distribution probably will be:

Accepted Answer

A) normal. 
B) positively skewed. 
C) negatively skewed. 
D) bimodal.

Question 13

People who drink more alcohol tend to have lower personal incomes. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) a positive correlation. 
B) a negative correlation. 
C) cause and effect. 
D) an unreliable measure.

Question 14

Sue becomes tired when it gets really hot outside and Frank becomes angry. Their different reactions to the heat illustrate the challenge of _____ to the study of human behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) confounds 
B) variability 
C) complexity 
D) reactivity

Question 15

A property with a value that can vary or change is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) variable. 
B) modifier. 
C) adaptation. 
D) outlier.

Question 16

If researchers measure how some American children behave after playing Blood Sport for 2 hours, then replicate the experiment with Asian, European, and African children and then with teenagers, the researchers would be using which justification of nonrandom sampling?

Accepted Answer

A) Sometimes generality does not matter. 
B) Sometimes generality is the cause of the effect. 
C) Sometimes generality can be determined. 
D) Sometimes generality can be assumed.

Question 17

The scientific method was first formalized by:

Accepted Answer

A) Newton. 
B) Galileo. 
C) Bacon. 
D) Descartes.

Question 18

According to the American Psychological Association (APA) code of ethics, which statement about risk-benefit analysis is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Participants may not be asked to take small risks. 
B) Participants may be asked to accept large risks. 
C) Participants may not be asked to accept large risks. 
D) Participants may not be asked to take any risks.

Question 19

In the number sequence 3 6 1 1 9, which number is the median?

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 3 
C) 1 
D) 6

Question 20

A psychologist who studies memory processes by investigating the remarkable ability of Akira Haraguchi to accurately recite pi to 100,000 digits is using:

Accepted Answer

A) experimentation. 
B) the case method. 
C) self-selection. 
D) the double-blind technique.

Exam 2: Section 2: Methods in Psychology

In the number sequence 1 1 2 3 4 5, which number is the mode?

Researchers wanted to see if adults were actually afraid of the dark by exposing them to different levels of light in a room while measuring their heart rates. In this experiment, what are the heart rates of the participants?

Mike wants to know how many licks it takes to get to the center of his all-day sucker. He tells his friends that "one full gyration of the tongue around the outer surface of the lollipop" is what constitutes a "lick." In an informal way, Mike is offering a(n) :

The ethical principle of _____ means that participants must be told the true purpose and nature of an experiment after it is over.

All of these are features of an internally valid experiment EXCEPT:

Researchers wanted to see if adults were actually afraid of the dark by exposing them to different levels of light in a room while measuring their heart rates. In this experiment, what are the different levels of light?

A double-blind study:

A _____ correlation is associated with a less-is-more relationship.

Five extremely tall members of the college basketball team are among 30 students in an introductory psychology class. If a frequency distribution is taken of height, the distribution probably will be:

People who drink more alcohol tend to have lower personal incomes. This is an example of:

Sue becomes tired when it gets really hot outside and Frank becomes angry. Their different reactions to the heat illustrate the challenge of _____ to the study of human behavior.

A property with a value that can vary or change is called a(n) :

If researchers measure how some American children behave after playing Blood Sport for 2 hours, then replicate the experiment with Asian, European, and African children and then with teenagers, the researchers would be using which justification of nonrandom sampling?

The scientific method was first formalized by:

According to the American Psychological Association (APA) code of ethics, which statement about risk-benefit analysis is true?

In the number sequence 3 6 1 1 9, which number is the median?

A psychologist who studies memory processes by investigating the remarkable ability of Akira Haraguchi to accurately recite pi to 100,000 digits is using: