Question 1

Which basic step of the scientific method is unique to that method?

Accepted Answer

A)  Form a hypothesis. 
B)  Develop a method to test the hypothesis. 
C)  Ask a question. 
D)  Draw a conclusion.

Question 2

To examine the effectiveness of empathy training on children's sharing behaviour, two months of training are provided to 3-year-old children living in rural Manitoba. Six months later, the children's sharing behaviours are measured and compared to their pretraining sharing behaviour. Improvements are considered the result of the empathy training. Which factor is a potential source of internal invalidity?

Accepted Answer

A)  All the children were from rural Manitoba. 
B)  Children's sharing behaviour may improve with the simple passage of time. 
C)  The observers of the sharing behaviour may disagree. 
D)  Children who were the best sharers before the training were not necessarily the best after the training.

Question 3

"Nurture" refers to all of these factors EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  maternal drug use during childhood. 
B)  paternal drug use during early infancy. 
C)  growing up in poverty. 
D)  predisposition toward elevated cortisol levels.

Question 4

In Werner's Kauai study, by the time the children were 10 years old, those who had encountered prenatal and birth problems were:

Accepted Answer

A)  at a consistent disadvantage to other children regardless of their environments. 
B)  nearly as advanced in language and motor skills as other children. 
C)  more likely than other children to be impaired only if they also encountered environmental challenges. 
D)  demonstrating greater resiliency than other children.

Question 5

Which description is NOT an ethical standard to which psychological researchers are expected to adhere?

Accepted Answer

A)  assisting participants to improve on the variables of interest 
B)  obtaining informed consent 
C)  counteracting negative outcomes of research 
D)  preserving participants' anonymity

Question 6

With which statement would stage theorists disagree?

Accepted Answer

A)  Behaviours of children at different ages differ sharply. 
B)  A child's entry into a new stage involves a gradual shift from one way of experiencing the world to a different way of experiencing it. 
C)  Children of a particular age show wide-ranging similarities across a variety of situations. 
D)  When children enter a new cognitive stage, they demonstrate their new way of thinking across a broad spectrum of tasks.

Exam 1: Section 2: An Introduction to Child Development

Which basic step of the scientific method is unique to that method?

"Nurture" refers to all of these factors EXCEPT:

In Werner's Kauai study, by the time the children were 10 years old, those who had encountered prenatal and birth problems were:

Which description is NOT an ethical standard to which psychological researchers are expected to adhere?

With which statement would stage theorists disagree?