Question 1

________ is a form of convenience sampling in which the population elements are selected based on the judgment of the researcher.

Accepted Answer

A)  Nonprobability sampling 
B)  Convenience sampling 
C)  Judgmental sampling 
D)  Probability sampling

Question 2

Systematic sampling is similar to simple random sampling.Which of the statements below about systematic sampling does not relate to the systematic sampling and simple random sampling similarity?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the population elements are arranged in a manner unrelated to the characteristic to interest,systematic sampling will yield results quite similar to simple random sampling. 
B)  The random numbers do not have to be matched with individual elements. 
C)  Systematic sampling is a type of probability sampling. 
D)  Each population element has a known and equal probability of selection.

Question 3

________ requires a detailed specification of how the sampling design decisions with respect to the population,sampling frame,sampling unit,sampling techniques,and sample size are to be implemented.

Accepted Answer

A)  Execution of the sampling process 
B)  Determination of the sampling frame 
C)  Determination of the sample size 
D)  Selection of a sampling technique(s)

Question 4

Which of the statements below is not true about stratified sampling?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stratified sampling can ensure that all the important subpopulations are represented in the sample. 
B)  The researcher assumes that the population elements are ordered in some respect. 
C)  Most approaches to statistical inference assume that the data have been collected by stratified sampling. 
D)  Both B and C are not true.

Question 5

In ________ the sample size is not known in advance,but a decision rule is stated before the sampling begins.At each stage,this rule indicates whether sampling should be continued or whether enough information has been obtained.

Accepted Answer

A)  sequential sampling 
B)  stratified sampling 
C)  systematic sampling 
D)  double sampling

Question 6

Nonprobability samples do not allow for objective evaluation of the precision of the sample results.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Confidence intervals,which contain the true population value with a given level of certainty,can be calculated from nonprobability samples.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The researcher has an ethical responsibility to the client to develop a sampling design that is appropriate for controlling the sampling and nonsampling errors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

________ does not allow direct generalizations to a specific population,usually because the population is not defined explicitly.

Accepted Answer

A)  Simple random sampling 
B)  Convenience sampling 
C)  Judgmental sampling 
D)  Snowball sampling

Question 10

If the same sampling procedures are used in each country,the results should be comparable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following conditions does not favor the use of a sample (Table 11.1 in the text)?

Accepted Answer

A)  The population is large. 
B)  The cost of nonsampling errors is high. 
C)  There are budget and time limit constraints. 
D)  The cost of sampling errors is high.

Question 12

Consumer research conducted in Mexico and Saudi Arabia used different sampling techniques for the same study.In Mexico,________ was used by having experts identify neighborhoods where the target respondents lived;homes were then randomly selected for interviews.In Saudi Arabia,________ employing the snowball procedure was used because there were no lists from which sampling frames could be drawn and social customs prohibited spontaneous personal interviews.

Accepted Answer

A)  systematic sampling;convenience sampling 
B)  quota sampling;judgmental sampling 
C)  judgmental sampling;convenience sampling 
D)  systematic sampling;quota sampling

Question 13

Which situation poses ethical concerns for the researcher in terms of preserving the anonymity of the respondents?

Accepted Answer

A)  when the population size is large 
B)  verbatim quotations in reports to the client 
C)  sampling details that are too revealing 
D)  both B and C

Question 14

Which sampling technique can increase representativeness,is easier to implement than simple random sampling and does not require a sampling frame (Table 11.4 in the text)?

Accepted Answer

A)  systematic sampling 
B)  area sampling 
C)  cluster sampling 
D)  stratified sampling

Question 15

The collection of elements or objects that possess the information sought by the researcher and about which inferences are to be made is a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  census 
B)  population 
C)  element 
D)  target population

Question 16

The logic behind proportionate sampling is simple.Strata with larger relative sizes are more influential in determining the population mean,and these strata should also exert a greater influence in deriving the sample estimates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The statistical distinction between sampling with replacement and sampling without replacement is important only when the sampling frame is not large compared to the sample size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Systematic sampling is different from simple random sampling in that only the permissible samples of size n that can be drawn have a known and equal probability of selection.The remaining samples of size n have zero probability of being selected.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Quota sampling permits assessment of sampling error.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The target population should be defined in terms of all of the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sampling units 
B)  time 
C)  extent 
D)  size

Exam 11: Sampling: Design and Procedures

________ is a form of convenience sampling in which the population elements are selected based on the judgment of the researcher.

Systematic sampling is similar to simple random sampling.Which of the statements below about systematic sampling does not relate to the systematic sampling and simple random sampling similarity?

________ requires a detailed specification of how the sampling design decisions with respect to the population,sampling frame,sampling unit,sampling techniques,and sample size are to be implemented.

Which of the statements below is not true about stratified sampling?

In ________ the sample size is not known in advance,but a decision rule is stated before the sampling begins.At each stage,this rule indicates whether sampling should be continued or whether enough information has been obtained.

Nonprobability samples do not allow for objective evaluation of the precision of the sample results.

Confidence intervals,which contain the true population value with a given level of certainty,can be calculated from nonprobability samples.

The researcher has an ethical responsibility to the client to develop a sampling design that is appropriate for controlling the sampling and nonsampling errors.

________ does not allow direct generalizations to a specific population,usually because the population is not defined explicitly.

If the same sampling procedures are used in each country,the results should be comparable.

Which of the following conditions does not favor the use of a sample (Table 11.1 in the text) ?

Which situation poses ethical concerns for the researcher in terms of preserving the anonymity of the respondents?

Which sampling technique can increase representativeness,is easier to implement than simple random sampling and does not require a sampling frame (Table 11.4 in the text) ?

The collection of elements or objects that possess the information sought by the researcher and about which inferences are to be made is a ________.

The logic behind proportionate sampling is simple.Strata with larger relative sizes are more influential in determining the population mean,and these strata should also exert a greater influence in deriving the sample estimates.

The statistical distinction between sampling with replacement and sampling without replacement is important only when the sampling frame is not large compared to the sample size.

Systematic sampling is different from simple random sampling in that only the permissible samples of size n that can be drawn have a known and equal probability of selection.The remaining samples of size n have zero probability of being selected.

Quota sampling permits assessment of sampling error.

The target population should be defined in terms of all of the following except ________.