Question 1

On which statement would nativists and empiricists NOT agree?

Accepted Answer

A)  Certain parts of the brain are specialized for coding certain types of spatial information. 
B)  Infants have an understanding of rudimentary spatial concepts. 
C)  Self-locomotion promotes processing of spatial information. 
D)  Language and other cultural tools shape spatial development.

Question 2

The study that examined kindergartners' ability to point to various locations in their classroom while imagining a walk from their seat to the teacher's chair demonstrated that kindergarten children:

Accepted Answer

A)  are essentially unable to imagine spatial arrangements. 
B)  have poor recall of their classroom arrangements. 
C)  can easily imagine spatial arrangements while standing stationary. 
D)  have mental representations of space that are improved with self-generated motion.

Question 3

When surgery has restored sight to people who were born either blind or with severely impaired vision, they are unable to use visual information to represent space as well as those who never experienced impaired vision. This finding lends support to the role that _____ plays in spatial abilities.

Accepted Answer

A)  vision 
B)  hearing 
C)  touch 
D)  taste

Question 4

Trisha, who is 3 years old, views an event in which no cause is visible. She is likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)  expect that someone tricked her. 
B)  actively search for the cause. 
C)  laugh. 
D)  grasp that something strange has happened.

Question 5

Jane, an 18-month-old, is pretending to put on makeup using a small block as her lipstick. Jane is:

Accepted Answer

A)  demonstrating a false belief. 
B)  engaging in object substitution. 
C)  demonstrating her underdeveloped theory of mind. 
D)  engaging in sociodramatic play.

Question 6

Children's psychological understanding begins to emerge by about what age?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 year 
B)  3 years 
C)  5 years 
D)  10 years

Question 7

Which error is common among 8-year-olds?

Accepted Answer

A)  confusing past and future 
B)  not accounting for current time when predicting amount of time in the future 
C)  failing to distinguish which past event occurred more recently 
D)  perceiving duration differently depending on whether or not their attention is focused on it

Question 8

On the subject of healing, preschoolers believe that:

Accepted Answer

A)  only people, not plants or animals, can heal. 
B)  living things, not inanimate objects, can heal. 
C)  living things and inanimate objects can both heal. 
D)  inanimate objects, not living things, can heal.

Question 9

Which statement about the development of children''s ability to categorize objects based on appearance is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ability to categorize objects by shape develops at approximately 12 months old. 
B)  Twelve-month-olds often categorize objects largely by specific parts of an object, rather than on by the object as a whole. 
C)  The ability to categorize objects based on overall shape develops at approximately 3 years of age. 
D)  The ability to categorize objects based on shape and size is fully developed by 18 months old.

Question 10

Harry, a 3-year-old, is shown a raisin box and then is shown that the box contains pennies. If asked what he had thought the box contained before being shown its true contents, Harry will MOST likely say he had thought it contained:

Accepted Answer

A)  raisins. 
B)  pennies. 
C)  popcorn. 
D)  quarters.

Question 11

The MOST basic sense of time is:

Accepted Answer

A)  timing of future events. 
B)  temporal order. 
C)  event duration. 
D)  ratio of duration of events.

Question 12

Emily, a 7-month-old infant, is sitting on the floor in a nearly empty room. On each side of her is a television screen. Every 10 seconds, an interesting picture appears on the screen on her left. The screen on her right remains blank. Emily is then rotated so that the screen that has been showing the interesting pictures is now on her right. Where will Emily look in anticipation of the interesting picture?

Accepted Answer

A)  directly in front of her 
B)  to her left 
C)  to her right 
D)  behind her

Question 13

Aidan, a 4-year-old child, is told a story about a girl who wants to grow to be taller than her daddy, but she is still a young girl. When asked if the girl will get her wish, Aidan is MOST likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)  predict that she will get her wish. 
B)  predict that she will not get her wish. 
C)  say that, if her mom and dad are both tall, she will be tall too. 
D)  be confused by this false belief.

Question 14

Research has suggested that pretend play and sociodramatic play:

Accepted Answer

A)  cause children to experience setbacks in psychological understanding. 
B)  reflect children's most basic level of psychological understanding. 
C)  are correlated with higher levels of social understanding. 
D)  increase children's egocentrism.

Exam 7: Conceptual Development