Question 1

The so-called "Golden Rule," do onto others as you would have them do onto you, assumes that others' preferences are similar to your own. This could be a potentially-problematic case of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Social projection
B)   Stimulation theory
C)   Self-regulatory assumption
D)   Introspection heuristics A

Question 2

Which of the following can motivate the need for self-improvement?

Accepted Answer

A)   Criticism
B)   Upward social comparison
C)   Lack of sleep
D)   Both A and B D

Question 3

If you notice someone at the library sitting with perfect posture and then correct your own posture, which of the following best describes your current state?

Accepted Answer

A)   Self-control
B)   Self-consciousness
C)   Self-awareness
D)   Self-verification C

Question 4

Which of the following best describes what is meant by "implicit egotism"?

Accepted Answer

A)   People may not consciously realize the extent to which they unrealistically inflate their views of self-worth
B)   Our desire to promote ourselves is implicit in almost everything we do
C)   People prefer other people and things that resemble the self
D)   All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following brain regions is not likely to be activated when processing self-schematic information?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ventromedial prefrontal cortex
B)   Nucleus accumbens
C)   Amygdala
D)   Central temporal sulcus

Question 6

Which of the following brain regions appears to be most important in distinguishing between "self" and "other"?

Accepted Answer

A)   Amygdala
B)   Left hemisphere of prefrontal cortex
C)   Right hemisphere of hippocampus
D)   Central temporal sulcus

Question 7

Which of the following best describes what is meant by "sociometer" theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Self-esteem is a measure of how others are evaluating you
B)   Specialized neural mechanisms monitor interpersonal processes
C)   Measuring self-schemas can only be done in social situations
D)   Fragile self-views require frequent reinforcement from others

Question 8

Possible and feared selves influence which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   How we think about ourselves
B)   How we select social roles
C)   What situations we seek access to
D)   All of the above

Question 9

The tendency to avoid other people and activities is likely due to activation of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Behavioral activation system
B)   Behavioral inhibition system
C)   Right frontal region of the cortex
D)   Both B and C

Question 10

Which of the following would NOT be a good example of self variability?

Accepted Answer

A)   Relational selves
B)   Behaving more childishly towards your mother than towards your spouse
C)   Spontaneously deciding to change jobs
D)   Seeming serious in the office but jovial at a bar

Question 11

If your brother earns 1st place in a tournament that you had been training for all year, how does Tesser's self-evaluation maintenance theory suggest that you will respond?

Accepted Answer

A)   See your brother's success as a source of pride reflection effect) 
B)   See your brother's success as a threat, leading to negative emotions comparison effect) 
C)   See your brother's success as unimportant no effect) 
D)   None of the above

Question 12

Which of the following researchers proposed a theory suggesting that some self-discrepancies reflect a shortfall between one's current self and ideal self activating), and some between one's current self and ought self inhibiting).

Accepted Answer

A)   Higgins
B)   Bandura
C)   Trope
D)   None of the above

Question 13

Research shows that people reciprocate warm or cold behavior and contrast dominant or docile behavior when interacting with others. This process is described as ____________ self-construal.

Accepted Answer

A)   Relational
B)   Reciprocal
C)   Complementary
D)   Interdependent

Question 14

If someone who is chronically late overestimates the extent to which others share this problem, which of the following best describes this process?

Accepted Answer

A)   Social projection
B)   Self-enhancement
C)   Self-reflection
D)   Self-assessment

Question 15

Although Sarah doesn't particularly like children, she is getting her teaching credentials because her parents expect her to have a career in early education. This behavior is most in line with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Socially contingent self-esteem
B)   Relational interdependence
C)   Regulatory fit
D)   Prevention focus

Question 16

John is extremely motivated to win a large research grant; he thinks about it constantly and works very hard on his proposal. When thinking about this goal, which of the following brain regions is likely to be activated?

Accepted Answer

A)   Right frontal cortex
B)   Medial prefrontal cortex
C)   Left frontal cortex
D)   All of the above

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a method of satisfying self-enhancement needs through falsely positive and somewhat exaggerated self-perceptions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Seeing the self more positively than is true
B)   Believing that one has more control over events than is true
C)   Having unrealistic optimism about the future
D)   None of the above

Question 18

Which of the following is responsible for integrating diverse self-relevant processing in different parts of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ventromedial prefrontal cortex
B)   Left-hemisphere interpreter
C)   Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
D)   None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the theory of self-verification?

Accepted Answer

A)   People tend to seek confirmation of their pre-existing self-concepts
B)   People exclusively favor information that confirms positive self-views
C)   People use introspection to find evidence supporting their pre-existing self views
D)   None of the above

Question 20

Which of the following kinds of emotions fit a long-term perspective and may help in resolving self-control dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hedonic
B)   Self-conscious
C)   All of the above
D)   None of the above

Exam 5: Section 1 : Self in Social Cognition