Question 1

Disorders characterized by impairment in two key areas of development including deficits in social interactions, communication with others, and repetitive patterns of behavior are called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  chronic developmental disorders 
B)  autism spectrum disorder 
C)  pervasive developmental disorders 
D)  conduct disorder

Question 2

_____ is caused when a baby is shaken, leading to intracranial injury and retinal hemorrhage.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sudden infant death syndrome 
B)  Korsakoff's syndrome 
C)  Shaken baby syndrome 
D)  Intracranial-kinesis syndrome

Question 3

In addition to subaverage intellectual functioning, a diagnosis of _____ requires that a child show deficits relative to his or her age group in at least two of the following skill areas: communication, self-care, home living, social or interpersonal skills, use of community resources, self-direction, academic skills, work, leisure, health, and personal safety.

Accepted Answer

A)  Asperger's disorder 
B)  intellectual disability 
C)  Tourette's disorder 
D)  illness anxiety disorder

Question 4

Individuals like Dustin Hoffman's character in the movie "Rain Man", who show an exceptionally high ability in one area but also have a moderate intellectual disability, are considered _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  gifted 
B)  savants 
C)  echoliacs 
D)  geniuses

Question 5

Which of the following is true about the factors that contribute to autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers have been able to identify a specific gene that causes ASD, thereby disproving the notion that ASD is a result of a combination of genes. 
B)  Children with ASD have a higher than average rate of other genetic disorders associated with cognitive impairment, including fragile X syndrome and PKU. 
C)  Children with ASD are no more likely than other children to have prenatal and birth complications. 
D)  Neuroimaging studies have found few structural and functional deficits in the brains of individuals with ASD, thereby strengthening the role of environmental factors.

Question 6

Mariposa tends to repeat words she hears her mother use. She also tends to reverse her pronouns using you instead of I and also has difficulty intonating pitch and tone. These speech patterns represent _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  aphasia. 
B)  echolalia. 
C)  apraxia. 
D)  dyslexia.

Question 7

Children who find it difficult to pay attention, control their impulses, and organize their behaviors are most likely exhibiting symptoms of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  antisocial personality disorder 
B)  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder 
C)  psychomotor disorder 
D)  communication disorders

Question 8

James' laboratory test indicated evidence of cerebrovascular disease. He is also exhibiting signs of dementia. Which diagnosis is James most likely to receive?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alzheimer's disease 
B)  Vascular neurocognitive disorder 
C)  Down syndrome 
D)  Tachycardia

Question 9

Psychosocial therapies for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) combine:

Accepted Answer

A)  structured educational services and psychoanalysis. 
B)  behavioral techniques and structured educational services. 
C)  cognitive-therapy and psychoanalysis. 
D)  psychotherapy and rational-emotive therapy.

Question 10

_____ are most likely to suffer dementia due to head injury because they take more risks associated with head injuries than do other groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  Children 
B)  Adolescent females 
C)  Young men 
D)  Middle-aged men

Question 11

Which of the following is true of the early-onset type of Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no significant difference in the progression of Alzheimer's disease in the early-onset type as compared to the late-onset type. 
B)  The progression of Alzheimer's disease in the late-onset type tends to be rapid. 
C)  The progression of Alzheimer's disease in the early-onset type tends to be quicker than in the late-onset type. 
D)  The progression of Alzheimer's disease in the early-onset type tends to be slow and steady.

Question 12

For which of the following reasons are African-Americans more likely than European Americans to develop vascular dementia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genetic predisposition 
B)  Higher rates of hypertension and cardiovascular disease 
C)  Poor nutrition 
D)  Greater incidence of traumatic head injury

Question 13

The symptoms of Parkinson's disease result from the death of brain cells that produce the neurotransmitter _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin 
B)  acetylcholine 
C)  dopamine 
D)  amyloid protein

Question 14

In the DSM-5, various forms of dementia are likely to be subsumed under one overarching category, _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive disorder spectrum 
B)  major and mild neurocognitive disorders 
C)  continuous neurocognitive disorder 
D)  differentiated cognitive disorder spectrum

Question 15

Ronald Reagan, the former President of the United States, suffered from _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Huntington's disease 
B)  Parkinson's disease 
C)  Pick's disease 
D)  Alzheimer's disease

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true about gender and dementia?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are more elderly men than women with dementia. 
B)  Women live longer and are therefore more prone to developing age-related dementia. 
C)  Men's language skills are more vulnerable to the effects of dementia. 
D)  There is no relationship between gender and dementia.

Question 17

Shoko engages in repetitive hair swirling and hand shaking. These are not tics as she continues to engage in the behaviors for long periods of time. Although she has been diagnosed with autism spectrum, her doctor is adding a diagnosis of _____ to allow her treatment.

Accepted Answer

A)  persistent motor or vocal tic disorder 
B)  stereotypic movement disorder 
C)  developmental coordination disorder 
D)  intellectual disability disorder

Question 18

Which of the following is the most prominent cognitive deficiency in dementia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Memory loss 
B)  Motor impairment 
C)  Speech impairment 
D)  Emotional functioning

Question 19

Which of the following is true about neurofibrillary tangles?

Accepted Answer

A)  The tangles are common in the brains of Alzheimer's patients but rare in people without neurocognitive disorders. 
B)  The tangles block acetylcholine receptors and prevent the attachment of neurotransmitters. 
C)  The tangles have been linked to the emotional and behavioral disturbances seen in Alzheimer's patients. 
D)  The tangles do not appear to affect the flow of nutrients and essential supplies through cells.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Symptoms of ADHD disappear in young adulthood in about 75 percent of cases. 
B)  Adults with ADHD are at high risk for depression, anxiety disorders, and substance abuse. 
C)  Approximately 10 percent of children with ADHD develop a conduct disorder, abuse drugs, or violate the law. 
D)  According to an epidemiological study, ADHD is more likely to be diagnosed in adult females than adult males.

Exam 10: Neurodevelopmental and Neurocognitive Disorders