Question 1

In the contemporary perspective on moral development, what contributes to children's moral development?

Accepted Answer

A) parents' modeled standards and behaviors 
B) biological predisposition 
C) positive feelings and negative feelings 
D) extrinsic rewards and punishments

Question 2

Age-inappropriate actions and attitudes that violate family expectations, societal norms, and personal or property rights of others describe:

Accepted Answer

A) a conduct disorder. 
B) juvenile delinquency. 
C) power assertion. 
D) ego-destruction.

Question 3

According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, what is the foundation of moral behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) guilt and the desire to avoid feeling guilty 
B) cognitive factors 
C) self-regulation and self-worth 
D) rewards and punishment

Question 4

A recent emphasis within character education includes helping others and being sensitive to the feelings of others.This involves adopting a(n) _____ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A) care 
B) justice 
C) "eye for an eye" 
D) cognitive moral

Question 5

Service learning will generate positive outcomes for youth when:

Accepted Answer

A) students are assigned challenging projects. 
B) they have opportunities to reflect about their participation. 
C) they work in single sex groups. 
D) engage in activities focused on helping at-risk youth.

Question 6

Changes in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors regarding standards of right and wrong are termed:

Accepted Answer

A) moral development. 
B) conscience development. 
C) religious devotion. 
D) spiritual awakening.

Question 7

Ellie's mom bumps into her, and Ellie's juice is spilled as a result.Ellie is surprised when she receives no punishment.Ellie believes in:

Accepted Answer

A) immanent justice. 
B) intent dependent justice. 
C) social understanding. 
D) autonomous reasoning.

Question 8

Carol Gilligan criticized Kohlberg's theory for:

Accepted Answer

A) emphasizing relationships and concern for others. 
B) discounting the justice perspective and female reasoning patterns. 
C) discounting the care perspective and female reasoning patterns. 
D) minimizing cultural traditions and practices.

Question 9

Fifteen-year-old Daria frequently attends a church youth group, participates in community charity events, and attends church services with her family.Which of the following MOST likely describes Daria?

Accepted Answer

A) She has a strong sense of spiritual well-being. 
B) She often suffers from depression. 
C) She frequently engages in risk-taking behaviors. 
D) She often feels detached and unable to cope with challenging situations.

Question 10

, young children:

Accepted Answer

A) do not feel guilt. 
B) are aware of right and wrong. 
C) indicate pleasure following doing something wrong. 
D) do not have the capacity to show empathy toward others.

Question 11

Cassidy's mother is angry when she discovers writing on the bedroom door.Cassidy replies, "I'm not doing it now." Cassidy is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) postconventional thinker. 
B) deceitful child. 
C) heteronomous thinker. 
D) autonomous thinker.

Question 12

Mia yields to peer pressure to smoke a cigarette.She feels guilty and worthless for not living up to her personal and family standards of behavior.According to psychoanalytic theory, she is being punished by her:

Accepted Answer

A) id. 
B) ego. 
C) ego ideal. 
D) conscience.

Question 13

Moral "lessons" slightly beyond children's cognitive levels will motivate them to restructure their moral thought and promote advanced moral reasoning.This statement is closely tied to the concept(s) of:

Accepted Answer

A) social observational learning 
B) dishabituation and habituation 
C) disequilibrium and equilibrium 
D) rewards and punishments in behaviorism

Question 14

Which of the following regarding forgiveness is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) Individuals are more likely to forgive family members than non-family members. 
B) Individuals are especially swayed by peer pressure in their willingness to forgive others. 
C) Women are more likely to forgive than men. 
D) Individuals are more likely to forgive those who are dead than to forgive those who are alive.

Question 15

How does Kohlberg's theory of moral development differ from Gilligan's theory?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does Kohlberg's theory of moral development...

Question 16

Explain the social cognitive theory of morality.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the social cognitive theory of morality....

Question 17

Derek went to Peru with his parents to help build a school for local villagers.What is a likely outcome of this experience for Derek?

Accepted Answer

A) He is concerned about choosing a career that will secure a steady income. 
B) He prefers to spend more time alone. 
C) He gets better grades, sets more goals, and has higher self-esteem. 
D) He renounces his parents' financial comfort and sleeps on the floor.

Question 18

Thirteen-year-old Rilie sneaks out of the house often.She and her friends destroy property, drink alcohol, and smoke cigarettes.Rilie's therapist has diagnosed her with:

Accepted Answer

A) explosive anger disorder. 
B) difficult temperament. 
C) attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. 
D) conduct disorder.

Question 19

The motivation to return a Christmas card when someone sends you one is based on the principal of:

Accepted Answer

A) altruism. 
B) reciprocity. 
C) sympathy. 
D) guilt avoidance.

Question 20

Martina participates in a group that discusses social responsibility and the experiences of others.Adults coach the group about ethical decision making and promote caring behaviors.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) an integrative approach to moral education. 
B) service learning. 
C) establishing community standards. 
D) cognitive moral education.

Exam 13: Moral Development, Values, and Religion