Question 1

Danielle is 7-years-old and is beginning to develop memories that will form her personal life history.These memories are specific and long lasting.They are _____ memories.

Accepted Answer

A) episodic 
B) autobiographical 
C) implicit 
D) generic

Question 2

Around the ages of 9 to 11 months,children develop the concept of more or less and bigger and smaller.This concept is called

Accepted Answer

A) conservation. 
B) centration. 
C) transduction. 
D) ordinality.

Question 3

According to Piaget,a mental representation to which a person has attached meaning is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) symbol. 
B) operation. 
C) function. 
D) transformation.

Question 4

Studies of autobiographical memory indicate that

Accepted Answer

A) it typically begins before 3 years of age. 
B) it is dependent on the development of language. 
C) social interaction has little to do with its development. 
D) firstborns develop autobiographical memory more slowly than their siblings.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a test used to measure the intelligence of children?

Accepted Answer

A) Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children 
B) Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales 
C) Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence 
D) Gardner-Denver Test of Multiple Intelligences

Question 6

Language development is delayed in about _______ percent of preschool-aged children.

Accepted Answer

A) 5-8 
B) 10-15 
C) 15-20 
D) 20-22

Question 7

To assess centration,Piaget presented children with the three-mountains task.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Define symbolic function and,using an example,demonstrate how it can be linked to deferred imitation,pretend play,and language.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define symbolic function and,using an example,demonstrate how...

Question 9

Children with autism often have difficulty with theory-of-mind tasks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

When information is needed,David searches his mind looking for the answer and then writes it down.David's search is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) retrieval. 
B) storage. 
C) encoding. 
D) recognition.

Question 11

A disorder in which children lack a theory of mind is

Accepted Answer

A) Down syndrome. 
B) autism. 
C) Klienfelter's. 
D) Angelman's syndrome.

Question 12

Speech intended to be understood by a listener is called _____ speech.

Accepted Answer

A) inner 
B) one-on-one 
C) formative 
D) social

Question 13

According to Piaget,children first understand the distinction between appearance (what seems to be)and reality (what is)at about the age of _____ years.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 to 2 
B) 3 to 4 
C) 5 to 6 
D) 7 to 8

Question 14

_____ is the ability to identify something encountered previously,and _____ is the ability to reproduce knowledge from memory.

Accepted Answer

A) Recall;recognition 
B) Recollection;recognition 
C) Recognition;recall 
D) Recognition;recollection

Question 15

Sebastian,a 4 year-old male,is at the pool when he sees a large woman wearing a black and white bathing suit.He yells "Orca!" as she gets in the pool.This demonstrates issues in what area of spoken language?

Accepted Answer

A) Phenomes 
B) Syntax 
C) Semantics 
D) Pragmatics

Question 16

Compare traditional psychometric approaches to intelligence,such as the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale,the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence,and Vygotsky's idea of the zone of proximal development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare traditional psychometric approaches to intelligence,such as...

Question 17

At preschool,Ms.Thomas often feels as though she has spent the morning with twice the number of students that she actually has.It seems that everyone has invited their imaginary friend to spend the morning.Which of the following statements regarding imaginary companions is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Imaginary companions are more common among first-born and only children. 
B) Boys are more likely than girls to have imaginary companions. 
C) Girls' imaginary playmates are usually other children,whereas boys' are more often animals. 
D) Children with imaginary companions are more likely to engage in pretend play than those who do not have imaginary companions.

Question 18

Vygotsky viewed private speech as

Accepted Answer

A) a rare occurrence among normal preschool-age children. 
B) egocentric and self-centered. 
C) a critical component of language during the sensorimotor stage. 
D) a tool important to the transition between early social speech and thinking in words.

Question 19

The preoperational stage of cognitive development marks a major qualitative leap in thinking because it ushers in

Accepted Answer

A) object permanence. 
B) logical reasoning. 
C) the use of symbolic thought. 
D) transductive reasoning.

Question 20

Which of the following statements regarding theory of mind is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Children with strong social skills are better able to recognize false beliefs. 
B) Children with siblings are better able to recognize false beliefs. 
C) Theory of mind is mostly influenced by environmental experiences. 
D) Empathy usually arises earlier in children whose families talk a lot about feelings and emotions.

Exam 10: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood