Question 1

Epidemiology is the study of

Accepted Answer

A) unique cases or unusual disorders. 
B) the rates and correlates of disorders in a population. 
C) the development of disorders over the life span. 
D) mental disorders in other cultures.

Question 2

The research design with the lowest value in accomplishing the goal of being able to draw broad conclusions is the

Accepted Answer

A) case study method. 
B) correlational method. 
C) experimental method. 
D) longitudinal design.

Question 3

Dr.Reside treated 20 children using a new therapeutic procedure.An outside observer rated the children's activity level on a laboratory task before and after the treatment;80% of the children decreased their activity level following treatment,and Dr.Reside concluded that the procedure was highly effective.What is the major problem with Dr.Reside's experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) lack of control group 
B) lack of a double-blind procedure 
C) no baseline measure 
D) the observer was biased

Question 4

A theory

Accepted Answer

A) is derived from hypotheses. 
B) is the result of long deliberation by a scientist. 
C) attempts to explain a class of phenomena. 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 5

Case studies are not useful in

Accepted Answer

A) providing the means for ruling out alternative hypotheses. 
B) providing a rich description of clinical phenomena. 
C) disproving an allegedly universal hypothesis. 
D) generating hypotheses.

Question 6

Persons with schizophrenia are randomly assigned to either an attention-training group or a social skills training group.Equal numbers of males and females were in each training group.Scores on a measure of thought disorder,a prominent symptom in schizophrenia,were examined after the end of the training sessions._______ is/are the independent variable(s)and ________ is/are the dependent variable(s).

Accepted Answer

A) Schizophrenia;the thought disorder scores 
B) The thought disorder scores;the treatment group. 
C) The treatment group;the thought disorder scores 
D) The gender of the participants;the treatment group

Question 7

Correlational methods are often used in psychopathology research because psychopathological diagnoses

Accepted Answer

A) are not clear cut. 
B) may result from third variables. 
C) have high correlation coefficients. 
D) cannot be manipulated.

Question 8

In the single-subject ABAB design,the letters A and B refer to different

Accepted Answer

A) individuals. 
B) controls. 
C) sequences. 
D) measures.

Question 9

When studying the relationship between social class and anxiety disorders,Dr.Stewart follows 50 children whose parents were diagnosed with an anxiety disorder from birth to age 30.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) the experimental method. 
B) an epidemiological study. 
C) a behavioral-genetics study. 
D) the high-risk method.

Question 10

Because Graciela's mother has schizophrenia,Graciela is more likely to develop schizophrenia herself.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) a risk factor. 
B) incidence. 
C) prevalence. 
D) occurrence.

Question 11

If a correlation between depressive symptoms and active treatment is clinically significant this means

Accepted Answer

A) the effect is large enough to provide reliability information. 
B) the effect is large enough to provide meaningful information in predicting or treating depression. 
C) it is not statistically significant. 
D) that causation can be implied.

Question 12

Causal relationships are best identified by which design?

Accepted Answer

A) case study 
B) epidemiological 
C) correlational 
D) experimental

Question 13

What type of research enabled psychopathologists to discover that Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder is more common in boys than in girls?

Accepted Answer

A) case study 
B) epidemiological 
C) experimental 
D) correlational

Question 14

Used in linkage analysis research,genetic markers refer to

Accepted Answer

A) genes that are identical between two ore more siblings with the same disorder. 
B) disorders for which we know the chromosomal location of the genes involved. 
C) sequences of DNA that produce disorders. 
D) None of the above.

Question 15

Dr.Hauser hypothesized that depression is related to stress,such that people who are more depressed are also more stressed.Which of the following correlations between depression and stress would best support her hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) .55 
C) .80 
D) -.99

Question 16

Experiments are more effective than correlational methods for studying

Accepted Answer

A) diagnostic categories. 
B) cause-effect relationships. 
C) theoretical hypotheses. 
D) practical applications.

Question 17

Meta-analyses summarize the findings of different studies through the use of

Accepted Answer

A) correlation coefficients. 
B) effect sizes. 
C) between-group variance. 
D) within-group variance.

Question 18

Which of the following findings is most likely to be statistically significant?

Accepted Answer

A) correlation = .30;sample size = 350 
B) correlation = .30;sample size = 200 
C) correlation = -.25;sample size = 200 
D) Can't tell from the available information

Question 19

There is no relationship between social class and schizophrenia.What types of research would most likely lead to such a conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A) epidemiological and case study 
B) epidemiological and correlational 
C) case study and mixed design 
D) correlational and experimental

Question 20

Researchers went door to door conducting structured diagnostic interviews to determine how common particular psychiatric diagnoses were.Which type of research was this?

Accepted Answer

A) case studies 
B) epidemiological 
C) correlational 
D) experimental

Exam 4: Research Methods in the Study of Psychopathology