Question 1

One mole of hydrogen gas (molar mass = 2.0 g/mol) has an rms velocity of 2.0 $\times$ 103 m/s. To what temperature on the Celsius scale does this correspond?

Accepted Answer

A)  4.8 $\times$ 104  
B)  3.2 $\times$ 102  
C)  3.2 $\times$ 105  
D)  48 
E)  69

Question 2

The temperature of the air on a cold day when the temperature is 23ºF is

Accepted Answer

A)  100 K 
B)  -5ºC 
C)  273 K 
D)  373 K 
E)  -15ºF

Question 3

The air in a balloon occupies a volume of 0.10 m3 when at a temperature of 27ºC and a pressure of 1.2 atm. What is the balloon's volume at 7ºC and 1.0 atm? (The amount of gas remains constant.)

Accepted Answer

A)  0.022 m3  
B)  0.078 m3  
C)  0.089 m3  
D)  0.11 m3  
E)  0.13 m3

Question 4

You can double both the pressure and the volume of an ideal gas if you change the temperature of the gas by

Accepted Answer

A)  reducing it to one-quarter of its original value. 
B)  doubling it. 
C)  reducing it to one-half of its original value. 
D)  quadrupling it. 
E)  doing none of these

Question 5

Which of the following statements about absolute zero temperature is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  At absolute zero all translational motion of the particles ceases. 
B)  At absolute zero all rotational motion of the particles ceases. 
C)  Absolute zero is defined at - 273.15S1U1P1$\circ$S1S1P0C. 
D)  At absolute zero all the particles are at rest, except for the quantum motion. 
E)  All the above.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the temperature of two low density gases, which are initially at the same temperature, pressure and volume, is increased by the same amount, the volume increases by the same amount. 
B)  When the volume of two low density gases, which are initially at the same temperature, pressure and volume, is compressed by the same amount, the temperature increases by the same amount. 
C)  A P-T plot of any gas at low density intercept the T-axis at the same point. 
D)  The intercept at the ordinate for PV/nT vs P plot of any gas is the gas constant. 
E)  The ideal gas law is valid for high density of all gases.

Question 7

The relationship between the pressure and the volume of a gas expressed by Boyle's law holds true

Accepted Answer

A)  for some gases under any conditions. 
B)  if the density is constant. 
C)  if the container of the gas can expand with increasing pressure. 
D)  if the temperature is constant. 
E)  for all gases under any conditions.

Question 8

If both the temperature and the volume of an ideal gas are doubled, the pressure is

Accepted Answer

A)  increased by a factor of 4. 
B)  doubled also. 
C)  unchanged. 
D)  diminished by a factor of ¼. 
E)  None of these is correct.

Question 9

Inside a sphere of radius 12 cm are 8.0 $\times$ 1023 gas molecules at a temperature of 50S1U1P1$\circ$S1S1P0C. What pressure do the gas molecules exert on the inside of the sphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  650 $\times$ 103 Pa 
B)  370 $\times$ 103 Pa 
C)  76.0 $\times$ 103 Pa 
D)  160 $\times$ 103 Pa 
E)  490 $\times$ 103 Pa

Question 10

The temperature at which the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales read the same is

Accepted Answer

A)  40ºC 
B)  -40ºC 
C)  20ºF 
D)  68ºF 
E)  100ºC

Question 11

At what common Celsius temperature is the rms velocity of oxygen molecules (molar mass = 32 g/mol) double that of hydrogen molecules (molar mass = 2.0 g/mol)?

Accepted Answer

A)  -50 
B)  zero 
C)  no such temperature exists 
D)  2.0 
E)  16

Question 12

A room measures 3 m $\times$ 4 m $\times$ 2 m and is at 20S1U1P1$\circ$S1S1P0C and 1 atm. Assuming that it only has the two diatomic gases, N2 and O2, the amount of kinetic energy in the gases is

Accepted Answer

A)  3.6 MJ 
B)  6.1 MJ 
C)  0.25 MJ 
D)  0.41 MJ 
E)  none of the above

Question 13

The air around us has 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. If the pressure is 1 atm, the pressure due to oxygen is

Accepted Answer

A)  0.21 atm 
B)  0.78 atm 
C)  1 atm 
D)  0.5 atm 
E)  0.67 atm

Question 14

A gas has a density X at standard temperature and pressure. What is the new density when the absolute temperature is doubled and the pressure increased by a factor of 3?

Accepted Answer

A)  (2/3)X 
B)  (4/3)X 
C)  (3/4)X 
D)  (6)X 
E)  (3/2)X

Question 15

If the absolute temperature of a gas is doubled, what is the change in the rms speed of its molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  no change 
B)  increases by a factor of 2 
C)  decreases by a factor of 2 
D)  increases by a factor of  
E)  decreases by a factor of

Question 16

Five molecules of a gas have the following speeds:
200 m/s,
300 m/s,
400 m/s,
500 m/s, and
600 m/s.
The rms speed for these molecules is

Accepted Answer

A)  300 m/s 
B)  344 m/s 
C)  400 m/s 
D)  424 m/s 
E)  534 m/s

Question 17

If the absolute temperature of a gas is doubled, what is the change in the average kinetic energy of its molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  no change 
B)  increases by a factor of 2 
C)  decreases by a factor of 2 
D)  increases by a factor of  
E)  decreases by a factor of

Question 18

The graph shows the natural logarithm of the temperature of various thermometers as a function of time. The thermometer that cools at the slowest rate is

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5

Question 19

At room temperature, which of the following diatomic molecules has the greater average kinetic energy: carbon monoxide (molar mass = 28 g/mol), nitrogen (molar mass = 28 g/mol), or oxygen (molar mass = 32 g/mol)?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon monoxide 
B)  nitrogen 
C)  oxygen 
D)  Both a and b are correct. 
E)  All three have the same average kinetic energy.

Question 20

If a mass of oxygen gas occupies a volume of 8 L at standard temperature and pressure, what is the change in the volume if the temperature is reduced by one half and the pressure is doubled?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases to 12 L. 
B)  It decreases to 6 L. 
C)  It increases to 24 L. 
D)  It decreases to 2 L. 
E)  It does not change.

Exam 17: Temperature and the Kinetic Theory of Gases

One mole of hydrogen gas (molar mass = 2.0 g/mol) has an rms velocity of 2.0 $\times$ 10³ m/s. To what temperature on the Celsius scale does this correspond?

The temperature of the air on a cold day when the temperature is 23ºF is

The air in a balloon occupies a volume of 0.10 m³ when at a temperature of 27ºC and a pressure of 1.2 atm. What is the balloon's volume at 7ºC and 1.0 atm? (The amount of gas remains constant.)

You can double both the pressure and the volume of an ideal gas if you change the temperature of the gas by

Which of the following statements about absolute zero temperature is true?

Which of the following statements about the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, is NOT true?

The relationship between the pressure and the volume of a gas expressed by Boyle's law holds true

If both the temperature and the volume of an ideal gas are doubled, the pressure is

Inside a sphere of radius 12 cm are 8.0 $\times$ 10²³ gas molecules at a temperature of 50^$\circ$C. What pressure do the gas molecules exert on the inside of the sphere?

The temperature at which the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales read the same is

At what common Celsius temperature is the rms velocity of oxygen molecules (molar mass = 32 g/mol) double that of hydrogen molecules (molar mass = 2.0 g/mol) ?

A room measures 3 m $\times$ 4 m $\times$ 2 m and is at 20^$\circ$C and 1 atm. Assuming that it only has the two diatomic gases, N₂ and O₂, the amount of kinetic energy in the gases is

The air around us has 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. If the pressure is 1 atm, the pressure due to oxygen is

A gas has a density X at standard temperature and pressure. What is the new density when the absolute temperature is doubled and the pressure increased by a factor of 3?

If the absolute temperature of a gas is doubled, what is the change in the rms speed of its molecules?

Five molecules of a gas have the following speeds: 200 m/s, 300 m/s, 400 m/s, 500 m/s, and 600 m/s. The rms speed for these molecules is

If the absolute temperature of a gas is doubled, what is the change in the average kinetic energy of its molecules?

The graph shows the natural logarithm of the temperature of various thermometers as a function of time. The thermometer that cools at the slowest rate is

At room temperature, which of the following diatomic molecules has the greater average kinetic energy: carbon monoxide (molar mass = 28 g/mol) , nitrogen (molar mass = 28 g/mol) , or oxygen (molar mass = 32 g/mol) ?

If a mass of oxygen gas occupies a volume of 8 L at standard temperature and pressure, what is the change in the volume if the temperature is reduced by one half and the pressure is doubled?

Exam 17: Temperature and the Kinetic Theory of Gases

One mole of hydrogen gas (molar mass = 2.0 g/mol) has an rms velocity of 2.0 ×\times× 103 m/s. To what temperature on the Celsius scale does this correspond?

The temperature of the air on a cold day when the temperature is 23ºF is

The air in a balloon occupies a volume of 0.10 m3 when at a temperature of 27ºC and a pressure of 1.2 atm. What is the balloon's volume at 7ºC and 1.0 atm? (The amount of gas remains constant.)

You can double both the pressure and the volume of an ideal gas if you change the temperature of the gas by

Which of the following statements about absolute zero temperature is true?

Which of the following statements about the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, is NOT true?

The relationship between the pressure and the volume of a gas expressed by Boyle's law holds true

If both the temperature and the volume of an ideal gas are doubled, the pressure is

Inside a sphere of radius 12 cm are 8.0 ×\times× 1023 gas molecules at a temperature of 50 ∘\circ∘ C. What pressure do the gas molecules exert on the inside of the sphere?

The temperature at which the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales read the same is

At what common Celsius temperature is the rms velocity of oxygen molecules (molar mass = 32 g/mol) double that of hydrogen molecules (molar mass = 2.0 g/mol) ?

A room measures 3 m ×\times× 4 m ×\times× 2 m and is at 20 ∘\circ∘ C and 1 atm. Assuming that it only has the two diatomic gases, N2 and O2, the amount of kinetic energy in the gases is

The air around us has 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. If the pressure is 1 atm, the pressure due to oxygen is

A gas has a density X at standard temperature and pressure. What is the new density when the absolute temperature is doubled and the pressure increased by a factor of 3?

If the absolute temperature of a gas is doubled, what is the change in the rms speed of its molecules?

Five molecules of a gas have the following speeds: 200 m/s, 300 m/s, 400 m/s, 500 m/s, and 600 m/s. The rms speed for these molecules is

If the absolute temperature of a gas is doubled, what is the change in the average kinetic energy of its molecules?

The graph shows the natural logarithm of the temperature of various thermometers as a function of time. The thermometer that cools at the slowest rate is

At room temperature, which of the following diatomic molecules has the greater average kinetic energy: carbon monoxide (molar mass = 28 g/mol) , nitrogen (molar mass = 28 g/mol) , or oxygen (molar mass = 32 g/mol) ?

If a mass of oxygen gas occupies a volume of 8 L at standard temperature and pressure, what is the change in the volume if the temperature is reduced by one half and the pressure is doubled?

One mole of hydrogen gas (molar mass = 2.0 g/mol) has an rms velocity of 2.0 $\times$ 10³ m/s. To what temperature on the Celsius scale does this correspond?

The air in a balloon occupies a volume of 0.10 m³ when at a temperature of 27ºC and a pressure of 1.2 atm. What is the balloon's volume at 7ºC and 1.0 atm? (The amount of gas remains constant.)

Inside a sphere of radius 12 cm are 8.0 $\times$ 10²³ gas molecules at a temperature of 50^$\circ$C. What pressure do the gas molecules exert on the inside of the sphere?

A room measures 3 m $\times$ 4 m $\times$ 2 m and is at 20^$\circ$C and 1 atm. Assuming that it only has the two diatomic gases, N₂ and O₂, the amount of kinetic energy in the gases is