Question 1

Identify the four scales of measurement noting the properties of measurement each scale has.

Accepted Answer

The nominal scale has the property of identity; the ordinal scale has the properties of identity and magnitude; the interval scale has the properties of identity,magnitude,and equal unit size; and the ratio scale has the properties of identity,magnitude,equal unit size,and a true zero.

Question 2

Correlation coefficients can vary between

Accepted Answer

A)  -1.00 and +1.00.
B)  -1.00 and 0.00.
C)  0.00 and +1.00.
D)  There are no restrictions on correlation coefficients. A

Question 3

What is an operational definition? Give an operational definition of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

An operational definition is a definition of a variable in terms of the operations (activities)a researcher uses to measure or manipulate it.Thus,an operational definition of intelligence could be based on one's score on an intelligence test or on one's ability to solve a problem that the researcher has determined requires intellectual ability.

Question 4

A scale of measurement in which objects or individuals are categorized and the categories form a rank order along a continuum is a(n)_____ scale.

Accepted Answer

A)  nominal
B)  ordinal
C)  interval
D)  ratio

Question 5

Time is to the _____ scale of measurement as ethnicity is to the _____ scale of measurement.

Accepted Answer

A)  ratio; ordinal
B)  ratio; nominal
C)  interval; nominal
D)  ordinal; ratio

Question 6

A property of measurement in which objects that are different receive different scores is

Accepted Answer

A)  identity.
B)  magnitude.
C)  equal unit size.
D)  absolute zero.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a type of validity?

Accepted Answer

A)  content validity
B)  split-half validity
C)  criterion validity
D)  construct validity

Question 8

Discrete variables are to _____ and continuous variables are to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  whole units; whole units and/or fractional amounts
B)  whole units and/or fractional amounts; whole units
C)  usually nominal and ordinal scales; usually interval and ratio scales
D)  whole units and usually nominal and ordinal scales; whole units and/or fractional amounts and usually interval and ratio scales

Question 9

Arranging a group of individuals from tallest to shortest represents the _____ property of measurement.

Accepted Answer

A)  identity
B)  magnitude
C)  equal unit size
D)  absolute zero

Question 10

Identify the three types of self-report measures discussed in the text and briefly describe each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the three types of self-report measures...

Question 11

_____ reliability is determined by assessing the degree of relationship between scores on the same test administered on two different occasions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Test/retest
B)  Alternate-forms
C)  Split-half
D)  Interrater

Question 12

When applying for a part-time job at the local supermarket Bob was given a test to determine how well he would bag groceries.The next week Bob took the SAT in order to satisfy a college admissions requirement.The test at the supermarket was a measure of _____ validity whereas the SAT was a measure of _____ validity.

Accepted Answer

A)  concurrent; predictive
B)  predictive; concurrent
C)  construct; predictive
D)  content; concurrent

Question 13

Truthfulness is to _____ as consistency is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive correlation; negative correlation
B)  negative correlation; positive correlation
C)  reliability; validity
D)  validity; reliability

Question 14

If observers in a study disagree 35 times out of 90,what is the interrater reliability? Interpret this interrater reliability coefficient.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If observers in a study disagree 35...

Question 15

A definition of a variable in terms of the activities a researcher uses to measure or manipulate it is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  operational definition.
B)  functional definition.
C)  well-defined variable.
D)  measure definition.

Question 16

Sara decided to have participants in her study of the relationship between diet and weight keep a journal of everything they ate each day.The type of measurement that Sara is employing is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral self-report measure.
B)  cognitive self-report measure.
C)  affective self-report measure.
D)  aptitude test.

Question 17

_____ reliability is determined by correlating scores on one half of a measure with scores on the other half of the measure.

Accepted Answer

A)  Test/retest
B)  Alternate-forms
C)  Split-half
D)  Interrater

Question 18

Which of the following is not a type of reliability?

Accepted Answer

A)  criterion reliability
B)  test/retest reliability
C)  interrater reliability
D)  alternate-forms reliability

Question 19

A scale of measurement in which,in addition to order and equal units of measurement,there is an absolute zero that indicates an absence of the variable being measured is a(n)_____ scale.

Accepted Answer

A)  nominal
B)  ordinal
C)  interval
D)  ratio

Question 20

Explain the difference between discrete and continuous variables.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the difference between discrete and continuous...

Exam 3: Defining, measuring, and Manipulating Variables