Question 1

In their investigation of cognitive errors in individuals suffering from work burnout,Van Der Linden,Keisjers,Eling,and Van Schaijk (2005)found that burnout sufferers had ______ rates of cognitive failures relative to those not suffering from burnout;in addition,metacognitive questionnaires indicated that burnout sufferers had ____ metacognitive awareness regarding their error rates.

Accepted Answer

A) higher;good 
B) higher;poor 
C) lower;good 
D) lower;poor

Question 2

Besner et al.presented participants with color words in which only one letter was in a color that conflicted with the color of the word (e.g. ,the word "red" with the "e" in blue).What happened to the Stroop Effect in this case?

Accepted Answer

A) There was a typical Stroop effect. 
B) The Stroop effect was still found,but was reduced. 
C) There was no Stroop effect. 
D) The researchers found a reverse Stroop effect.

Question 3

The notion of capacity as limiting attention has been criticized for being circular in nature.This means

Accepted Answer

A) the notion of capacity can explain most findings from studies of attention. 
B) the notion encompasses both early- and late-selection theories. 
C) limited capacity is used as an explanation of attentional difficulty,and attentional difficulty is used to show evidence of limited capacity. 
D) it explains our ability to respond to the multiple stimuli that surround us.

Question 4

The major independent variable of interest in studies of visual search is

Accepted Answer

A) the number of items in the visual display. 
B) RT to make a present-absent judgment. 
C) accuracy in making the present-absent judgment. 
D) the size of the visual display.

Question 5

Logan's (1988)instance-based view of automaticity is that as a task becomes automatic,

Accepted Answer

A) it uses less and less capacity. 
B) the procedures we use to carry the task change from algorithm to memory retrieval. 
C) the procedures that comprise the task are carried out with increasing speed. 
D) we need fewer and fewer procedures to carry out the same task.

Question 6

I grab the cell phone and try to use it to turn up the volume on the TV.What kind of action slip is this?

Accepted Answer

A) Description error 
B) Associative activation error 
C) Capture error 
D) Loss of activation error

Question 7

McIntyre (2008)investigated methods to improve visual searches while driving.What was his recommendation?

Accepted Answer

A) Change the color of the brake lights 
B) Change the color of the cars 
C) Change the color of the stop lights 
D) Change the color of the traffic signs

Question 8

Drews,Pasupathi,and Strayer (2008)investigated the impact of cell phone and in-person conversations at the operational,tactical,and strategic levels of driving performance.They found

Accepted Answer

A) deficits at both the operational and strategic levels of performance for both types of conversations. 
B) deficits at both the operational and strategic levels of performance only for cell phone conversations. 
C) deficits at both the operational and strategic levels of performance only for in-person conversations. 
D) no deficits at all in either conversation condition.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a search asymmetry?

Accepted Answer

A) It is easier to declare that a target is present than it is to declare that a target is absent. 
B) It is easier to declare that a target is present in a smaller display than in a larger display. 
C) It is easier to find a target that includes a feature than it is to find one that doesn't include the feature. 
D) It is easier to find a target using conjunction search than it is to find a target using feature search.

Question 10

In cases of visual search where targets are rarely present,

Accepted Answer

A) visual search is especially accurate. 
B) visual search is surprisingly inaccurate. 
C) visual search is about the same as it is in cases where targets are occasionally or frequently present. 
D) visual search is unnecessary.

Exam 3: Mechanisms of Attention

Besner et al.presented participants with color words in which only one letter was in a color that conflicted with the color of the word (e.g. ,the word "red" with the "e" in blue) .What happened to the Stroop Effect in this case?

The notion of capacity as limiting attention has been criticized for being circular in nature.This means

The major independent variable of interest in studies of visual search is

Logan's (1988) instance-based view of automaticity is that as a task becomes automatic,

I grab the cell phone and try to use it to turn up the volume on the TV.What kind of action slip is this?

McIntyre (2008) investigated methods to improve visual searches while driving.What was his recommendation?

Drews,Pasupathi,and Strayer (2008) investigated the impact of cell phone and in-person conversations at the operational,tactical,and strategic levels of driving performance.They found

Which of the following is an example of a search asymmetry?

In cases of visual search where targets are rarely present,