Question 1

Which of the following antimicrobial agents has a dose-dependent activity on microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

A)   The glycoprotein vancomycin
B)   The glycoprotein teicoplanin
C)   The penicillin amoxycillin
D)   The aminoglycoside gentamicin D

Question 2

The actions of streptomycin and amikacin:

Accepted Answer

A)   are considered first-line agents for tuberculosis.
B)   are ineffective for the bactericidal phase.
C)   interfere with protein synthesis.
D)   are best mediated by the oral route. C

Question 3

An example of an antibacterial agent that attacks the cell wall is:

Accepted Answer

A)   nitrofurantoin.
B)   tetracycline.
C)   neomycin.
D)   penicillin. D

Question 4

If a microbe has developed resistance to a certain antimicrobial preparation,the prescriber should:

Accepted Answer

A)   increase the frequency of the dose of the antimicrobial.
B)   increase the dose of the antimicrobial.
C)   determine which antimicrobial the microbe may be sensitive to.
D)   prescribe topical preparations only.

Question 5

An antimicrobial drug mechanism of action generally regarded as bacteriostatic is one that:

Accepted Answer

A)   interferes with metabolic processes.
B)   inhibits cell wall synthesis.
C)   promotes protein synthesis.
D)   disrupts cell membranes.

Question 6

An antimicrobial agent with a narrow spectrum of activity reflects a drug that has:

Accepted Answer

A)   only a weak antibiotic action.
B)   effectiveness against a relatively small number of microbes.
C)   a low potency.
D)   a narrow margin of safety.

Question 7

Which anti-infective agent would have the highest risk if used in pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Selected penicillins
B)   Nystatin
C)   Amphotericin
D)   Nitrofurantoin

Question 8

Which one of the following statements is relevant regarding antimicrobial drugs that are time-dependent?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is important to measure peak and trough plasma concentrations.
B)   The plasma drug concentration must be 60% of the maximum effective concentration for it to be effective.
C)   An increase in dose will result in an increased effect.
D)   The period above the minimum effective concentration determines the effectiveness of treatment.

Question 9

It is recommended that surgical prophylaxis with antibiotics is not undertaken with a:

Accepted Answer

A)   mastectomy.
B)   coronary bypass surgery.
C)   splenectomy.
D)   large bowel resection.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a likely cause of antimicrobial resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)   Using narrow-spectrum antibiotics instead of broad-spectrum antibiotics
B)   Excessive use of antibiotics in animals bred for human consumption
C)   Failure to conform to the dosing regime
D)   Spraying excess antibiotic in the air after drawing it up for injection

Question 11

Which of the following antimicrobial agents inhibits DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A)   Linezolid
B)   Mupirocin
C)   Colistin
D)   Norfloxacin

Question 12

Individuals with antibiotic-associated colitis should be treated with:

Accepted Answer

A)   codeine.
B)   cholestyramine.
C)   loperamide.
D)   tetracycline.

Exam 67: Introduction to Chemotherapy