Question 1

The text argues that image files in long-term memory

Accepted Answer

A)   are distinctive because special processes (like scanning or zooming)  operate on them.
B)   hold large-scale "templates" indicating how the imaged form looks.
C)   contain the instructions needed to create a mental image.
D)   usually contain a picture-like representation of an image. C

Question 2

Which of following statements is NOT true about memory for pictures?

Accepted Answer

A)   Picture memory benefits from rehearsal.
B)   Picture memory is affected by schematic knowledge.
C)   Picture memory can be affected by intrusion errors.
D)   Picture memory does not show the primacy or recency effect. D

Question 3

In memorizing new material, it is consistently helpful if one imagines the items

Accepted Answer

A)   interacting with each other in some way.
B)   in a typical situation.
C)   close to each other but separated so that each is easily visible.
D)   one by one so that the items do not blur together. A

Question 4

One group of participants is instructed to imagine a cat and the participants are then asked several yes/no questions about their image. A second group of participants is instructed simply to think about cats, with no mention of imagery, and the participants are then asked the same yes/no questions. We expect that participants responding on the basis of the image will respond more quickly to which of the following questions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Does the cat have a head?
B)   Does the cat have whiskers?
C)   Is the cat a mammal?
D)   Does the cat have claws?

Question 5

In memorizing new material, the pattern of "dual coding" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the strategy of encoding the material from two separate visual perspectives.
B)   the process of encoding the material on two separate occasions.
C)   steps that lead to both a verbal memory and a visual memory.
D)   the formation of a mental image in which the target item is in two separate relationships with its surrounding context.

Question 6

Evidence indicates that:

Accepted Answer

A)   discoveries flow easily from mental imagery provided that the discoveries are compatible with both the image's depiction and its reference frame.
B)   mental imagery rarely serves as a source for creative discovery.
C)   participants are not able to find new forms in their own mental images.
D)   participants have an easier time making discoveries from their own mental images if the discoveries require a shift in the image's reference frame.

Question 7

Homer, Lisa, and Moe are asked to remember pairs or words, and Homer tries to accomplish this task by rehearsing the words over and over again. Lisa decides to create a narrative combining the words together. Finally, Moe decides to imagine the objects interacting in some way. Who is likely to remember the items best?

Accepted Answer

A)   Homer
B)   Lisa
C)   Moe
D)   They will remember them equally well.

Question 8

According to Paivio, a word like "chair" is _____ than a word like "faith."

Accepted Answer

A)   easier to memorize
B)   more difficult to memorize
C)   more easily confused with another word
D)   easier to identify

Question 9

With respect to the storage of images, how are images different from other mental representations?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are different in working memory, but not in long-term memory.
B)   They are not different.
C)   They are not susceptible to encoding specificity effects.
D)   Memory for images is more complete relative to memory for other representations.

Question 10

Compare and contrast imagery and perception. In what ways are they similar? How do they differ?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast imagery and perception. In...

Question 11

Mentally zooming in and out of an image requires

Accepted Answer

A)   working memory.
B)   long-term memory.
C)   working memory for zooming and long-term memory for representation of the image.
D)   sensory memory for zooming and working memory for keeping the memory trace active.

Question 12

The technique of transcranial magnetic stimulation employs strong magnetic pulses at a particular site on the scalp. When it is used on the scalp near Area V1, the effect is

Accepted Answer

A)   to give the participant rich and detailed hallucinations.
B)   a temporary disruption of vision but not visual imagery.
C)   a permanent disruption of visual imagery, and therefore use of the technique is unethical.
D)   a temporary disruption of vision and visual imagery.

Question 13

If participants are asked to imagine an object, such as a dog, information that will be prominent in the mental image

Accepted Answer

A)   tends to concern aspects that are strongly associated with, or distinctive for, the imaged object.
B)   matches the pattern of information prominent in a description of the imaged object.
C)   corresponds well with the information that is prominent in an actual picture.
D)   is similar to the information prominent in other forms of mental representation.

Question 14

When participants are asked to report on their imagery experience, we discover that

Accepted Answer

A)   imagery is employed less often than researchers have proposed.
B)   many individuals prefer not to use mental imagery.
C)   participants differ widely in how they describe the experience.
D)   visual imagery is a skill shared by all people.

Question 15

A psychologist asks her experimental participants to describe their experiences in using mental imagery. The psychologist is collecting

Accepted Answer

A)   sentence-verification results.
B)   self-report data.
C)   chronometric evidence.
D)   converging evidence.

Question 16

Which of the following phrases would best describe the notion of boundary extension?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Think outside the box."
B)   "Think about the big picture"
C)   "Fill in the blanks."
D)   "Seeing is believing."

Question 17

How do imagery and perception influence and interact with one another? Under what circumstances will they work together to facilitate processing and memory? Under what circumstances will they interfere with one another, and potentially hinder processing? What does this tell us about the nature of imagery?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do imagery and perception influence and...

Question 18

Gertrude is shown a picture of a backyard and later asked to replicate the image by drawing it. When compared to the original, her drawing has a "zoomed out" perspective. This tendency is called

Accepted Answer

A)   wide-angle memory.
B)   larger context.
C)   eidetic imagery.
D)   boundary extension.

Question 19

Words that easily evoke imagery, like "ball," are _____ relative to words like "hope."

Accepted Answer

A)   more easily remembered
B)   less easily remembered
C)   remembered equally as well
D)   unlikely to be remembered

Question 20

It is difficult to examine mental imagery because mental images cannot be tested directly. Describe the various experimental techniques that psychologists have used to study imagery. Include a brief description of the task and the basic findings.

Accepted Answer

The answer of It is difficult to examine mental imagery...

Exam 10: Visual Knowledge