Question 1

Which of the following balanced equations is labeled incorrectly?

Accepted Answer

A) fission:  Bi +  He $\to$  At + 2  n 
B) fusion:  H +  H $\to$  H +  H 
C) bombardment:  Pu +  n $\to$  Am +  e 
D) beta production:  U $\to$  Np +  e 
E) all correctly labeled

Question 2

The number of half-lives needed for a radioactive element to decay to about 6% of its original activity is (choose nearest number):

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 5 
E) 6

Question 3

The U-238 nucleus decays to form Pb-206 by $\alpha$ and $\beta$ decays.
-Calculate the number of $\alpha$ decays.

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 6 
D) 8 
E) none of these

Question 4

Which types of processes are likely when the neutron-to-proton ratio in a nucleus is too low?
I.$\alpha$ decay
II.$\beta$ decay
III.positron production
IV.electron capture

Accepted Answer

A) I,II 
B) II,III 
C) III,IV 
D) II,III,IV 
E) II,IV

Question 5

If  Pb undergoes a beta decay and the product of this decay undergoes another beta decay,which nuclide is produced?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bi 
B)   Pb 
C)   Po 
D)   Bi 
E)   Pb

Question 6

In the following nuclear equation,identify the missing product:  Ca + $\alpha$ $\to$ __________ +  H

Accepted Answer

A)   Ti 
B)   Sc 
C)   Ti 
D)   Ar 
E) none of these

Question 7

The Cs-131 nuclide has a half-life of 30.years.After 144 years,about 3.0 grams remain.The original mass of the Cs-131 sample is closest to

Accepted Answer

A) 167 g 
B) 42 g 
C) 84 g 
D) 292 g 
E) 100 g

Question 8

Consider the following process:

Which statement describes $\Delta$E for the process?

Accepted Answer

A) 1.15 $\times$ 1011 J/mol are released. 
B) 1.15 $\times$ 1014 J/mol are released. 
C) 1.15 $\times$ 1018 J/mol are absorbed. 
D) 1.15 $\times$ 1011 J/mol are absorbed. 
E) None of these.

Question 9

The so-called "magic numbers" of protons and neutrons produce special chemical stability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is not a factor in determining the biological effects of radiation exposure?

Accepted Answer

A) the energy of the radiation 
B) the age of the organism at which the exposure occurs 
C) the penetrating ability of the radiation 
D) the chemical properties of the radiation source 
E) the ionizing ability of the radiation

Question 11

The mass defect arises because the sum of masses of the component nucleons is less than that of the nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A 0.20-mL sample of a solution containing  H that produces 3.7 $\times$ 103 cps is injected into the bloodstream of an animal.After allowing circulatory equilibrium to be established,a 0.20-mL sample of blood is found to have an activity of 37 cps.Calculate the blood volume of the animal.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.50 L 
B) 20 mL 
C) 10 mL 
D) 100 mL 
E) none of these

Question 13

Electron capture transforms  Be into what nuclide?

Accepted Answer

A)   Li 
B)   B 
C)   Li 
D)   B 
E)   C

Question 14

When the U-235 nucleus is struck with a neutron,the Ce-144 and Sr-90 nuclei are produced along with some neutrons and electrons.
-How many electrons are emitted?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 5 
E) 6

Question 15

Which unit takes into account the relative ability of radiation to cause damage?

Accepted Answer

A) rem 
B) rad 
C) curie 
D) becquerel 
E) cpm

Question 16

Which of the following is a product of $\alpha$ decay of  U?

Accepted Answer

A)   Th 
B)   Np 
C)   Pa 
D)   U 
E)   Pu

Question 17

If more than one neutron from each fission event causes another fission event,the fission situation is described as

Accepted Answer

A) critical 
B) subcritical 
C) supercritical 
D) moderated 
E) none of these

Question 18

When the U-235 nucleus is struck with a neutron,the Ce-144 and Sr-90 nuclei are produced along with some neutrons and electrons.
-How many neutrons are emitted?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 5 
E) 6

Question 19

Radioactivity is not useful for:

Accepted Answer

A) Dating artifacts and rocks. 
B) Producing electricity. 
C) Tracing pathways in biological systems. 
D) Making chemicals like sulfuric acid. 
E) Radioactivity is useful for all of the above.

Question 20

Which type of radiation has the lowest penetrating ability?

Accepted Answer

A) gamma ray 
B) beta particle 
C) alpha particle 
D) positron 
E) more than one of these

Exam 19: The Nucleus: a Chemists View

Which of the following balanced equations is labeled incorrectly?

The number of half-lives needed for a radioactive element to decay to about 6% of its original activity is (choose nearest number) :

The U-238 nucleus decays to form Pb-206 by $\alpha$ and $\beta$ decays. -Calculate the number of $\alpha$ decays.

Which types of processes are likely when the neutron-to-proton ratio in a nucleus is too low? I. $\alpha$ decay II. $\beta$ decay III.positron production IV.electron capture

If Pb undergoes a beta decay and the product of this decay undergoes another beta decay,which nuclide is produced?

The Cs-131 nuclide has a half-life of 30.years.After 144 years,about 3.0 grams remain.The original mass of the Cs-131 sample is closest to

The so-called "magic numbers" of protons and neutrons produce special chemical stability.

Which of the following is not a factor in determining the biological effects of radiation exposure?

The mass defect arises because the sum of masses of the component nucleons is less than that of the nucleus.

Electron capture transforms Be into what nuclide?

When the U-235 nucleus is struck with a neutron,the Ce-144 and Sr-90 nuclei are produced along with some neutrons and electrons. -How many electrons are emitted?

Which unit takes into account the relative ability of radiation to cause damage?

Which of the following is a product of $\alpha$ decay of $Which of the following is a product of \alpha decay of U? A) Th B) Np C) Pa D) U E) Pu$ U?

If more than one neutron from each fission event causes another fission event,the fission situation is described as

When the U-235 nucleus is struck with a neutron,the Ce-144 and Sr-90 nuclei are produced along with some neutrons and electrons. -How many neutrons are emitted?

Radioactivity is not useful for:

Which type of radiation has the lowest penetrating ability?

Exam 19: The Nucleus: a Chemists View

Which of the following balanced equations is labeled incorrectly?

The number of half-lives needed for a radioactive element to decay to about 6% of its original activity is (choose nearest number) :

The U-238 nucleus decays to form Pb-206 by α\alphaα and β\betaβ decays. -Calculate the number of α\alphaα decays.

Which types of processes are likely when the neutron-to-proton ratio in a nucleus is too low? I. α\alphaα decay II. β\betaβ decay III.positron production IV.electron capture

If Pb undergoes a beta decay and the product of this decay undergoes another beta decay,which nuclide is produced?

In the following nuclear equation,identify the missing product: Ca + α\alphaα →\to→ __________ + H

The Cs-131 nuclide has a half-life of 30.years.After 144 years,about 3.0 grams remain.The original mass of the Cs-131 sample is closest to

Consider the following process: Which statement describes Δ\DeltaΔ E for the process?

The so-called "magic numbers" of protons and neutrons produce special chemical stability.

Which of the following is not a factor in determining the biological effects of radiation exposure?

The mass defect arises because the sum of masses of the component nucleons is less than that of the nucleus.

A 0.20-mL sample of a solution containing H that produces 3.7 ×\times× 103 cps is injected into the bloodstream of an animal.After allowing circulatory equilibrium to be established,a 0.20-mL sample of blood is found to have an activity of 37 cps.Calculate the blood volume of the animal.

Electron capture transforms Be into what nuclide?

When the U-235 nucleus is struck with a neutron,the Ce-144 and Sr-90 nuclei are produced along with some neutrons and electrons. -How many electrons are emitted?

Which unit takes into account the relative ability of radiation to cause damage?

Which of the following is a product of α\alphaα decay of U?

If more than one neutron from each fission event causes another fission event,the fission situation is described as

When the U-235 nucleus is struck with a neutron,the Ce-144 and Sr-90 nuclei are produced along with some neutrons and electrons. -How many neutrons are emitted?

Radioactivity is not useful for:

Which type of radiation has the lowest penetrating ability?

The U-238 nucleus decays to form Pb-206 by $\alpha$ and $\beta$ decays. -Calculate the number of $\alpha$ decays.

Which types of processes are likely when the neutron-to-proton ratio in a nucleus is too low? I. $\alpha$ decay II. $\beta$ decay III.positron production IV.electron capture

Which of the following is a product of $\alpha$ decay of $Which of the following is a product of \alpha decay of U? A) Th B) Np C) Pa D) U E) Pu$ U?