Dr Paul Ekman Coded Different Facial Expressions by Carefully Analyzing

Multiple Choice

Dr. Paul Ekman coded different facial expressions by carefully analyzing which facial muscles are involved in producing different expressions such as disgust, surprise, sadness, anger, happiness, and fear. When shown photographs of these facial expressions, research participants were able to correctly identify the emotions being displayed. Based on this and other studies, Dr. Ekman concluded that:

A) humans learn to express emotions by imitating the expressions of those around them.
B) facial expressions for basic emotions are innate and probably hard-wired in the brain.
C) humans can recognize basic emotions but can only express specific emotions that they have observed in their social or cultural group.
D) all the known emotions are present at birth.