Question 1

Cognitive schemas allow for easy,fast processing of information about people,events,or groups that are related in some way.However,when we make generalizations about these people,events,or groups,we are using

Accepted Answer

A)   concepts.
B)   stereotypes.
C)   exemplars.
D)   heuristics. B

Question 2

This summer,you want to take a week-long vacation in Europe,but cannot afford it.Pick one of the problem-solving strategies (subgoals,working backward,or analogies)and use it to solve this problem.

Accepted Answer

Some examples include the following:
Using subgoals,you could save small amounts every week to save for your vacation.Working backward,you could figure out the total cost of the trip,and figure out what you would need each month to make that amount.
Using an analogy,you could figure out how you saved money to buy something else,and then use that same strategy to save for the vacation.

Question 3

A picture of a computer is an example of a(n)________ representation.The word computer is an example of a(n)________ representation.

Accepted Answer

A)   mental map; conceptual
B)   conceptual; mental map
C)   analogical; symbolic
D)   symbolic; analogical C

Question 4

A) Explain the difference between an algorithm and a heuristic.
B) What is one benefit of using an algorithm to solve a problem?
C) What is one benefit of using a heuristic to solve a problem?
D) Think about a problem in your own life and provide an example of how you could solve it using an algorithm and how you could solve it using a heuristic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A) Explain the difference between an algorithm...

Question 5

A prototype includes ________ in a category.An exemplar includes ________ in the category.

Accepted Answer

A)   the most typical concept; all examples of concepts
B)   the least typical concept; the most typical concept
C)   only stereotypical concepts; the least typical concept
D)   all examples of concepts; only stereotypical concepts

Question 6

Which of the following best describes reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)   finding a way around an obstacle to reach a goal
B)   selecting the best option among a set of alternatives
C)   choosing between general information and specific information
D)   using information to determine if a conclusion is valid or reasonable

Question 7

Terry is making a multilayer wedding cake.While trying to make sure it does not collapse,he remembers a bridge he saw that had an interesting support system.He applies that support system to the cake structure to make sure it does not collapse.Terry ________ to solve his problem.

Accepted Answer

A)   worked backward
B)   used an analogy
C)   used insight
D)   created subgoals

Question 8

Demi is a 10-year-old with a mental age of 12.Demi's intelligence quotient (IQ)is

Accepted Answer

A)   100.
B)   120.
C)   110.
D)   83.

Question 9

Dr.Smith is interested in how concepts are represented in people's minds.He believes that a category includes all of the examples of the concepts in that category.Dr.Smith most likely follows the ________ model of categorizing concepts.

Accepted Answer

A)   analogical representation
B)   prototype
C)   exemplar
D)   symbolic representation

Question 10

If you have a higher level of general intelligence,you are also likely to have better

Accepted Answer

A)   parenting skills.
B)   interpersonal relationships.
C)   physical health.
D)   emotional regulation.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT an example of thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)   translating your Spanish homework into English
B)   calculating the tip on your dinner bill
C)   taking a nap with soft music playing
D)   using a map to drive to a new store

Question 12

When you use a city map to find your way to a restaurant,it has some physical characteristics of the actual objects-streets and their locations.Because of this,the map is a(n)________ representation.

Accepted Answer

A)   analogical
B)   symbolic
C)   exemplar
D)   prototype

Question 13

Joel is fantastic at solving logic problems but has a terrible vocabulary and cannot find most countries on a map.Joel would most likely be considered ________ in fluid intelligence and ________ in crystallized intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)   high; high
B)   low; low
C)   high; low
D)   low; high

Question 14

Callum is a 10-year-old with a mental age of 15.
A) Calculate Callum's intelligence quotient (IQ)and show your work.
B) Explain what Callum's IQ tells us about his intelligence level,relative to other 10-year-olds.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Callum is a 10-year-old with a mental...

Question 15

Oberlin is participating in a psychology study in which he has to press a red button whenever he sees a circle on the computer screen and a green button whenever he sees a square.This study is measuring ________ reaction time.

Accepted Answer

A)   choice
B)   complex
C)   basic
D)   simple

Question 16

Some mental shortcuts can cause errors in thinking.For example,simply because a piece of information is remembered easily does not mean that the best decision is based on that information.This error in thinking reflects

Accepted Answer

A)   an analogy.
B)   insight.
C)   the availability heuristic.
D)   the representativeness heuristic.

Question 17

Alina often has trouble understanding her own feelings and has difficulty recognizing when her friends are expressing their feelings.Alina probably has low ________ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)   fluid
B)   practical
C)   emotional
D)   kinesthetic

Question 18

Which finding is the best evidence that genetics plays an important role in determining intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A)   Identical twins raised apart have more similar IQs than siblings raised together.
B)   Adopted children have IQs that are similar to their nonbiological siblings.
C)   Siblings raised together have more similar IQs than siblings raised apart.
D)   Identical twins raised together have more similar IQs than identical twins raised apart.

Question 19

A) Describe the general research findings on stereotype threat.
B) Describe one way in which the effects of stereotype threat can be reduced.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A) Describe the general research findings on...

Question 20

Peter is a 4-year-old who can already read and has the vocabulary of a 10-year-old.His parents also love to read,so his house is filled with books.What is the most reasonable conclusion about the source of Peter's high intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A)   He inherited genes for high intelligence from his parents.
B)   His parents provided the stimulating environment needed to develop his intelligence.
C)   His intelligence resulted from an interaction of both genes and environment.
D)   Neither genes nor the environment is the cause of his high intelligence.

Exam 8: Thinking and Intelligence

Cognitive schemas allow for easy,fast processing of information about people,events,or groups that are related in some way.However,when we make generalizations about these people,events,or groups,we are using

This summer,you want to take a week-long vacation in Europe,but cannot afford it.Pick one of the problem-solving strategies (subgoals,working backward,or analogies)and use it to solve this problem.

A picture of a computer is an example of a(n) representation.The word computer is an example of a(n) representation.

A prototype includes in a category.An exemplar includes in the category.

Which of the following best describes reasoning?

Terry is making a multilayer wedding cake.While trying to make sure it does not collapse,he remembers a bridge he saw that had an interesting support system.He applies that support system to the cake structure to make sure it does not collapse.Terry ________ to solve his problem.

Demi is a 10-year-old with a mental age of 12.Demi's intelligence quotient (IQ) is

Dr.Smith is interested in how concepts are represented in people's minds.He believes that a category includes all of the examples of the concepts in that category.Dr.Smith most likely follows the ________ model of categorizing concepts.

If you have a higher level of general intelligence,you are also likely to have better

Which of the following is NOT an example of thinking?

When you use a city map to find your way to a restaurant,it has some physical characteristics of the actual objects-streets and their locations.Because of this,the map is a(n) ________ representation.

Joel is fantastic at solving logic problems but has a terrible vocabulary and cannot find most countries on a map.Joel would most likely be considered in fluid intelligence and in crystallized intelligence.

Callum is a 10-year-old with a mental age of 15. A) Calculate Callum's intelligence quotient (IQ)and show your work. B) Explain what Callum's IQ tells us about his intelligence level,relative to other 10-year-olds.

Oberlin is participating in a psychology study in which he has to press a red button whenever he sees a circle on the computer screen and a green button whenever he sees a square.This study is measuring ________ reaction time.

Some mental shortcuts can cause errors in thinking.For example,simply because a piece of information is remembered easily does not mean that the best decision is based on that information.This error in thinking reflects

Alina often has trouble understanding her own feelings and has difficulty recognizing when her friends are expressing their feelings.Alina probably has low ________ intelligence.

Which finding is the best evidence that genetics plays an important role in determining intelligence?

A) Describe the general research findings on stereotype threat. B) Describe one way in which the effects of stereotype threat can be reduced.

Peter is a 4-year-old who can already read and has the vocabulary of a 10-year-old.His parents also love to read,so his house is filled with books.What is the most reasonable conclusion about the source of Peter's high intelligence?

Exam 8: Thinking and Intelligence

Cognitive schemas allow for easy,fast processing of information about people,events,or groups that are related in some way.However,when we make generalizations about these people,events,or groups,we are using

This summer,you want to take a week-long vacation in Europe,but cannot afford it.Pick one of the problem-solving strategies (subgoals,working backward,or analogies)and use it to solve this problem.

A picture of a computer is an example of a(n) ________ representation.The word computer is an example of a(n) ________ representation.

A prototype includes ________ in a category.An exemplar includes ________ in the category.

Which of the following best describes reasoning?

Terry is making a multilayer wedding cake.While trying to make sure it does not collapse,he remembers a bridge he saw that had an interesting support system.He applies that support system to the cake structure to make sure it does not collapse.Terry ________ to solve his problem.

Demi is a 10-year-old with a mental age of 12.Demi's intelligence quotient (IQ) is

Dr.Smith is interested in how concepts are represented in people's minds.He believes that a category includes all of the examples of the concepts in that category.Dr.Smith most likely follows the ________ model of categorizing concepts.

If you have a higher level of general intelligence,you are also likely to have better

Which of the following is NOT an example of thinking?

When you use a city map to find your way to a restaurant,it has some physical characteristics of the actual objects-streets and their locations.Because of this,the map is a(n) ________ representation.

Joel is fantastic at solving logic problems but has a terrible vocabulary and cannot find most countries on a map.Joel would most likely be considered ________ in fluid intelligence and ________ in crystallized intelligence.

Callum is a 10-year-old with a mental age of 15. A) Calculate Callum's intelligence quotient (IQ)and show your work. B) Explain what Callum's IQ tells us about his intelligence level,relative to other 10-year-olds.

Oberlin is participating in a psychology study in which he has to press a red button whenever he sees a circle on the computer screen and a green button whenever he sees a square.This study is measuring ________ reaction time.

Some mental shortcuts can cause errors in thinking.For example,simply because a piece of information is remembered easily does not mean that the best decision is based on that information.This error in thinking reflects

Alina often has trouble understanding her own feelings and has difficulty recognizing when her friends are expressing their feelings.Alina probably has low ________ intelligence.

Which finding is the best evidence that genetics plays an important role in determining intelligence?

A) Describe the general research findings on stereotype threat. B) Describe one way in which the effects of stereotype threat can be reduced.

Peter is a 4-year-old who can already read and has the vocabulary of a 10-year-old.His parents also love to read,so his house is filled with books.What is the most reasonable conclusion about the source of Peter's high intelligence?

A picture of a computer is an example of a(n) representation.The word computer is an example of a(n) representation.

A prototype includes in a category.An exemplar includes in the category.

Joel is fantastic at solving logic problems but has a terrible vocabulary and cannot find most countries on a map.Joel would most likely be considered in fluid intelligence and in crystallized intelligence.