Question 1

A patient's laboratory test results indicate an increased level of lactic acid.This finding is consistent with which of the following conditions? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ketosis
B)  Heart failure
C)  Shock
D)  Strenuous exercise
E)  Pancreatic cancer B,C,D

Question 2

A nurse is preparing a patient to undergo magnetic resonance venography (MRV).This test is indicated for which of the following? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Detecting peripheral artery disease
B)  Identifying deep vein thrombus in postsurgical patients
C)  Detecting peripheral vascular disease
D)  Differentiating aortic aneurysms from tumors near the aorta
E)  Evaluating iliac and lower-extremity vein disease B,C,E

Question 3

A nurse reviewing a patient's laboratory results notes that the patient's alkaline phosphatase (ALP)level is elevated.Which additional information should the nurse review before planning interventions related to this result? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) level
B)  Sex
C)  Patient's age
D)  ProTime
E)  RaceF) Time of last meal A,B,C

Question 4

A patient is preparing to undergo positron emission tomography (PET)of the brain for preoperative evaluation of tumors.The nurse should expect that which of the following contrast media will most likely be used for this test, given its role as a glucose analogue with little localization in normal tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  Technetium-99m (Tc-99m) pertechnetate
B)  Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) 
C)  Iodine-123
D)  Thallium

Question 5

A patient's laboratory test results indicate an elevation in blood phosphorus.This finding is consistent with which of the following conditions? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Acromegaly
B)  Diabetic ketoacidosis
C)  Acute gout
D)  Pulmonary embolism
E)  Respiratory alkalosis

Question 6

The nurse is assisting a patient in the gynecological office who will be receiving a routine Pap smear (Papanicolaou smear).Which of the following should be included in the history to ensure proper interpretation? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Date of the last menstrual cycle
B)  Number of pregnancies
C)  24-hour diet recall
D)  Presence of abnormal vaginal bleeding
E)  History of previous Pap resultsF) Use of hormone therapy

Question 7

A patient has a urine-specific gravity of 1.032.Which laboratory results affecting specific gravity should be identified by the nurse? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 
B)  High serum potassium
C)  Increased serum glucose
D)  Low serum sodium
E)  ProteinuriaF) Ketonuria

Question 8

A nurse is assisting with a lung ventilation scan.Which of the following safety measures should the nurse take for this test? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Observe standard precautions during the test.
B)  Wear a mask when talking with the patient after the procedure.
C)  Wear gloves when discarding urine for 24 hours after the procedure.
D)  Wash gloved hands with soap and water before removing the gloves.
E)  Wash the hands after the gloves are removed.

Question 9

A patient is exhibiting hypercalcemia.Which test would be appropriate for assisting in determining the cause of this finding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pachymetry
B)  Parathyroid hormone (PTH) 
C)  Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) 
D)  Parvovirus B19 immunoglobulin G and M antibodies

Question 10

A patient is suspected of having bronchogenic carcinoma.The nurse should prepare the patient for which of the following diagnostic tests?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mediastinoscopy
B)  Myocardial infarct scan
C)  Meckel's diverticulum scan
D)  Chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 11

A nurse is observing as a patient undergoes chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Which of the following should the nurse consider to be critical findings that should be reported to the requesting health-care provider immediately? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Aortic aneurysm
B)  Constrictive pericarditis
C)  Aortic dissection
D)  Pericardial hematoma
E)  Pleural effusion

Question 12

A patient who recently experienced a myocardial infarction needs to undergo testing to assess the damage done to the cardiac muscle.Which test would be most appropriate for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Magnesium
B)  Methemoglobin
C)  Microalbumin
D)  Myoglobin

Question 13

The nurse would counsel which of the following individuals for an increased risk for kidney stones? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 21-year-old with a history of Crohn's disease.
B)  A 40-year-old with a family history of renal cell carcinoma
C)  A 34-year-old diagnosed with celiac disease
D)  A 59-year-old with diabetes
E)  A 52-year-old with cirrhosisF) A 37-year-old with a history of glioblastoma

Question 14

A patient is dehydrated and needs to have his fluid and electrolyte balance assessed.Which of the following tests would be most appropriate for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osmotic fragility
B)  Osteocalcin
C)  Oxalate
D)  Osmolality

Question 15

Which laboratory tests require the collection of blood in a lavender-top tube? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemoglobin A1c
B)  Type and cross match
C)  Hemoglobin and hematocrit
D)  Immunoglobulin G antibody
E)  Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG pregnancy test)

Question 16

A patient is suspected of having hemolytic anemia due to an enzyme deficiency.Which test should the nurse expect the health-care provider to order for this patient to assess this problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prolactin
B)  Prostate-specific antigen (PS
A)  
C)  Pseudocholinesterase
D)  Pyruvate kinase (PK)

Question 17

A patient with diabetes needs to undergo screening to assess for early signs of renal disease.Which test would be most appropriate for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Magnesium
B)  Methemoglobin
C)  Microalbumin
D)  Myoglobin

Question 18

A patient with a history of hypertension has routine blood work at an annual health screening.Based on the following laboratory excerpt, which instructions should the nurse give this patient regarding diet?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decrease intake of red meats, dairy products, and eggs.
B)  Eat at least 1/2 cup of nuts each day.
C)  Eliminate alcohol.
D)  Keep fruits to a minimum.
E)  Restrict carbohydrate intake to less than 60% of calories.

Question 19

A nurse is preparing a patient to undergo myocardial infarct scanning.The IV radionuclide has just been administered.How long should the health-care team wait before proceeding with the heart scans?

Accepted Answer

A)  20 to 30 minutes
B)  2 to 4 hours
C)  8 to 10 hours
D)  24 hours

Question 20

The nurse recognizes a renogram would be appropriate for which of the following patients? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 44-year-old with suspected kidney stone
B)  A 32-year-old being treated for hydronephrosis
C)  A 16-year old with complaints of flank pain and hematuria after a football injury
D)  A 28-year-old with polycystic disease
E)  An 84-year-old with chronic renal failureF) A 76-year-old with advanced Alzheimer's disease who has an elevated creatinine

Exam 5: System Tables