Question 1

A cross between a short pea plant and a tall pea plant results in a 1:1 genotypic and phenotypic ratio in the offspring. What are the genotypes of the parent plants?

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

In the accompanying figure, the chance that individual III-2 is a heterozygous carrier is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) 0% 
B) 25% 
C) 50% 
D) 75% 
E) 100%

Question 3

A normal distribution curve contains all the possible experimental outcomes in graph form. The tall central segment of the curve represents the outcomes with the highest probability of occurrence. The average outcome, represented by the center of the data distribution, is known as what?

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Question 4

The law of segregation would predict that the F2 progeny of F1 heterozygous plants will exhibit a __________.

Accepted Answer

A) 3:1 phenotypic ratio 
B) 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio 
C) 1:2:1 genotypic ratio 
D) 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio and 1:2:1 genotypic ratio 
E) 3:1 phenotypic ratio and 1:2:1 genotypic ratio

Question 5

Mendel performed many types of crosses, including those in which the same genotypes are crossed but the sexes of the parents are switched. These are known as __________.

Accepted Answer

A) replicate crosses 
B) reciprocal crosses 
C) test crosses 
D) monohybrid crosses 
E) dihybrid crosses

Question 6

The law of independent assortment would predict that the F2 progeny of F1 heterozygous plants will exhibit a __________.

Accepted Answer

A) 3:1 phenotypic ratio 
B) 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio 
C) 1:2:1 genotypic ratio 
D) 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio and 1:2:1 genotypic ratio 
E) 3:1 phenotypic ratio and 1:2:1 genotypic ratio

Question 7

What is the probability of rolling two six-sided dice and obtaining at least one 3?

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Question 8

What type of cross would be used to illustrate Mendel's law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

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Question 9

The P value is a quantitative expression of the probability that the results of another experiment of the same size and structure will deviate from expected results as much as or more than by chance. The greater the difference between observed and expected results of an experiment, __________.

Accepted Answer

A) the lower the χ2 value and the lower the P value 
B) the greater the χ2 value and the greater the P value 
C) the greater the χ2 value and the lower the P value 
D) the lower the χ2 value and the greater the P value 
E) the greater the χ2 value; but the P value is unaffected

Question 10

What is the probability of rolling one six-sided die and obtaining any number but 6?

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Question 11

What is the probability of rolling one six-sided die and obtaining a 1 or a 2?

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Question 12

In rabbits, long hair and black fur are produced by the dominant alleles L and B, which assort independently. The genotype ll produces short hair and the genotype bb produces white fur. A cross between a male with short, black fur and a female with long, white fur produces four offspring with short, black fur, four offspring with long, white fur, four offspring with short, white fur, and four offspring with long, black fur. What are the genotypes of the parents?

Accepted Answer

A) llBB × LLbb 
B) LlBb × LlBb 
C) llBb × Llbb 
D) LLBB × llbb 
E) Impossible to determine from the information given.

Question 13

Describe the blending theory of heredity and how Mendel's results help to reject this theory.

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Question 14

In peas, the yellow allele is dominant over the green allele. A plant with yellow peas was crossed to a plant with green peas. The resulting plants were 50% yellow and 50% green. What is the genotype of the parents in this cross?

Accepted Answer

A) YY × yy 
B) YY × Yy 
C) Yy × yy 
D) Yy × Yy 
E) yy × yy

Question 15

Assuming independent assortment, what phenotypic ratio would you expect to see if an individual with the genotype RrGg is self-crossed?

Accepted Answer

A) 1:3 
B) 9:3:3:1 
C) 1:2:1 
D) 1:3:2:1 
E) 3:1

Question 16

Crosses in which F1 plants heterozygous for a given allele are crossed to generate a 3:1 phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation are known as __________.

Accepted Answer

A) replicate crosses 
B) reciprocal crosses 
C) test crosses 
D) monohybrid crosses 
E) dihybrid crosses

Question 17

In 1997, a gene called Le was discovered by two research groups led by David Martin and Diane Lester. Allelic variation in the Le gene, which controls elongation of the plant stem between branches, is responsible for which trait in peas?

Accepted Answer

A) inflated and constricted pod shape 
B) yellow and green pod color 
C) purple and white flowers 
D) tall and short plant height 
E) axial and terminal flower position

Question 18

In a cross between individuals who are both heterozygous (carriers)for a recessive disease such as albinism, you would like to determine the risk of one or more children to inherit the recessive phenotype. Which of the rules of probability can be used to calculate the probability of a particular combination of events that each have two alternative outcomes?

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Question 19

What is the probability of rolling two six-sided dice and obtaining an odd number on at least one die?

Accepted Answer